Melo Daniel Hardy, Mamede Rui Celso Martins, Neder Luciano, Silva Wilson Araújo, Barros-Filho Mateus Camargo, Kowalski Luiz Paulo, Pinto Clóvis Antonio Lopes, Zago Marco Antônio, Figueiredo David Livingstone Alves, Jungbluth Achim A
School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, CE 62042-280, Brazil.
Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Center for Cell Based Therapy, CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil.
Oncol Lett. 2017 Dec;14(6):6485-6496. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7072. Epub 2017 Sep 26.
Despite considerable advances in the understanding of thyroid gland biology, correctly diagnosing thyroid nodules and treating high-grade thyroid carcinoma remains challenging. Cancer/testis (CT) antigens have emerged as potential diagnostic tools as well as targets of potential cancer vaccinations. In the present study, a total of 117 patients who underwent surgical therapy for thyroid disease were available for analysis. The expression levels of melanoma-associated antigen (MAGE) A, MAGE-C1/CT7, cancer/testis antigen 1B (CTAG1B) and G antigen (GAGE) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. None of the CT antigens were expressed in the normal thyroid or goiter. In papillary and follicular carcinoma, MAGE-A was present in 8.1% of cases, GAGE in 10.8% and CT/7MAGE-C1 and CTAG1B in 2.7% each. In medullary carcinoma, CT antigen expression was as follows: MAGE-A in 42.9% of patients; MAGE-C1/CT7 in 46.5%; GAGE in 92.9%; and CTAG1B in 3.6%. A statistically significant association was observed between the expression of G MAGE-C1/CT7 and patient gender as well as patient clinical stage (P=0.029 and 0.031, respectively). In poorly differentiated and anaplastic carcinoma cases, CT antigen expression was as follows: MAGE-A in 61.8% of cases; MAGE-C1 in 57.1%; GAGE in 66.7%; and CTAG1B in 14.4%. There was a statistically significant association between expression of GAGE and gender (P=0.043). However, there was no association between CT antigen expression and patient survival in any of the tumor entities analyzed. The current study identified a distinct expression pattern of CT antigens in malignant thyroid tumors indicating that CT antigens have the potential to outperform existing thyroid cancer biomarkers. The prevalence of CT antigens in high-grade carcinomas suggests that they serve an important biological role within malignant tumors.
尽管在甲状腺生物学的理解方面取得了相当大的进展，但正确诊断甲状腺结节和治疗高级别甲状腺癌仍然具有挑战性。癌胚抗原（CT）已成为潜在的诊断工具以及潜在癌症疫苗的靶点。在本研究中，共有117例接受甲状腺疾病手术治疗的患者可供分析。通过免疫组织化学分析黑色素瘤相关抗原（MAGE）A、MAGE-C1/CT7、癌胚抗原1B（CTAG1B）和G抗原（GAGE）的表达水平。正常甲状腺或甲状腺肿中均未检测到CT抗原的表达。在乳头状癌和滤泡状癌中，MAGE-A在8.1%的病例中表达，GAGE在10.8%的病例中表达，CT/7MAGE-C1和CTAG1B各在2.7%的病例中表达。在髓样癌中，CT抗原表达情况如下：MAGE-A在42.9%的患者中表达；MAGE-C1/CT7在46.5%的患者中表达；GAGE在92.9%的患者中表达；CTAG1B在3.6%的患者中表达。观察到G MAGE-C1/CT7的表达与患者性别以及患者临床分期之间存在统计学显著关联（P值分别为0.029和0.031）。在低分化癌和未分化癌病例中，CT抗原表达情况如下：MAGE-A在61.8%的病例中表达；MAGE-C1在57.1%的病例中表达；GAGE在66.7%的病例中表达；CTAG1B在14.4%的病例中表达。GAGE的表达与性别之间存在统计学显著关联（P=0.043）。然而，在分析的任何肿瘤实体中，CT抗原表达与患者生存率之间均无关联。当前研究确定了CT抗原在恶性甲状腺肿瘤中的独特表达模式，表明CT抗原有可能优于现有的甲状腺癌生物标志物。高级别癌中CT抗原的患病率表明它们在恶性肿瘤中发挥着重要的生物学作用。
