Naseribooriabadi Tahereh, Sadoughi Farahnaz, Sheikhtaheri Abbas
Dept. of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Health Management and Economics Research Center, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Public Health. 2017 Nov;46(11):1465-1474.
The implication of health literacy is the ability of individuals to find, understand, and use their required health information from reliable sources. It is an indicator of the individuals' participation in their own medical decision-making. Deaf individuals have limited health literacy and poor health status due to low literacy. Hence, this review was conducted to understand barriers and facilitators influencing health literacy among deaf community.
We searched the ISI Web of Sciences, Scopus, and Medline from 1987 to 2016. Seventy-three papers were analyzed thematically.
We found three primary themes, including inadequate health literacy, barriers, and facilitators to accessing health information and health care services among deaf individuals. Facilitators were composed of four sub-theme including legal activities protecting the right of deaf patients to accessing health services, training health professionals about effective communication with deaf patients, providing sign language interpreter services, and developing deaf-tailored educational health programs and materials.
Closing the deaf cultural gap and their limited access to health information are achievable through the removal of the communication barriers, allowing deaf individuals with more access to health learning opportunities, and informing the hearing community about the communicative skills of deaf individuals.
健康素养的含义是个人从可靠来源查找、理解和使用所需健康信息的能力。它是个人参与自身医疗决策的一个指标。由于识字率低，聋人个体的健康素养有限且健康状况不佳。因此，开展本综述以了解影响聋人社区健康素养的障碍和促进因素。
我们检索了1987年至2016年的科学引文索引（ISI）网络数据库、Scopus数据库和医学期刊数据库（Medline）。对73篇论文进行了主题分析。
我们发现了三个主要主题，包括聋人个体健康素养不足、获取健康信息和医疗服务的障碍以及促进因素。促进因素由四个子主题组成，包括保护聋人患者获得健康服务权利的法律活动、对医疗专业人员进行与聋人患者有效沟通的培训、提供手语翻译服务以及制定针对聋人的教育性健康项目和材料。
通过消除沟通障碍、使聋人有更多机会获得健康学习机会以及让听力正常的社区了解聋人的沟通技巧，可以缩小聋人文化差距并改善他们获取健康信息有限的状况。
