The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Nov 23;18(12):2506. doi: 10.3390/ijms18122506.
The divalent cation zinc is an integral requirement for optimal cellular processes, whereby it contributes to the function of over 300 enzymes, regulates intracellular signal transduction, and contributes to efficient synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. Given the critical role of zinc in a breadth of cellular processes, its cellular distribution and local tissue level concentrations remain tightly regulated via a series of proteins, primarily including zinc transporter and zinc import proteins. A loss of function of these regulatory pathways, or dietary alterations that result in a change in zinc homeostasis in the brain, can all lead to a myriad of pathological conditions with both acute and chronic effects on function. This review aims to highlight the role of zinc signaling in the central nervous system, where it may precipitate or potentiate diverse issues such as age-related cognitive decline, depression, Alzheimer's disease or negative outcomes following brain injury.
二价阳离子锌是细胞过程的基本要求，它有助于 300 多种酶的功能，调节细胞内信号转导，并有助于中枢神经系统中有效的突触传递。鉴于锌在广泛的细胞过程中的关键作用，其细胞分布和局部组织水平浓度通过一系列蛋白质（主要包括锌转运蛋白和锌摄取蛋白）保持严格调节。这些调节途径的功能丧失或饮食改变导致大脑中锌动态平衡的改变，都会导致多种病理状况，对功能产生急性和慢性影响。本综述旨在强调锌信号在中枢神经系统中的作用，其中它可能引发或加剧各种问题，如与年龄相关的认知能力下降、抑郁、阿尔茨海默病或脑损伤后的不良后果。
