Paradis M, Goldblum M C
Department of Linguistics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Brain Lang. 1989 Jan;36(1):62-75. doi: 10.1016/0093-934x(89)90052-7.
After surgical removal of a parasitic cyst in the right prerolandic area, an educated 25-year-old male exhibited obvious deficits in one of his three languages (Gujarati), with no measurable deficits in the other two (French and Malagasy). The patient spoke all three languages fluently before the operation. Gujarati and Malagasy had been acquired in infancy. Gujarati was the language of his parents and relatives. Malagasy the language of the local population. All the patient's schooling had been in French, the only language in which he was literate. He used French daily at work. Since the acquisition history for Gujarati and Malagasy was identical, while French had been acquired in a different context, one would have predicted, on the basis of W. Lambert and S. Fillenbaum's (1959, Canadian Journal of Psychology, 13, 28-34) hypothesis, that Gujarati and Malagasy should have been equally affected, with French possibly differently so. However, 8 months postoperatively, the patient had regained control of Gujarati, while Malagasy had deteriorated considerably, and his French remained unimpaired. Two years later, the patient had recovered full use of his three languages.
在手术切除右侧中央前回区域的寄生囊肿后，一名受过教育的25岁男性在其三种语言之一（古吉拉特语）中表现出明显的语言缺陷，而另外两种语言（法语和马达加斯加语）没有可测量的缺陷。该患者在手术前能流利地说这三种语言。古吉拉特语和马达加斯加语是在婴儿期习得的。古吉拉特语是他父母和亲戚使用的语言。马达加斯加语是当地居民使用的语言。患者所有的学校教育都是用法语进行的，他只会读写法语。他在工作中每天使用法语。由于古吉拉特语和马达加斯加语的习得经历相同，而法语是在不同背景下习得的，根据W. 兰伯特和S. 菲伦鲍姆（1959年，《加拿大心理学杂志》，第13卷，第28 - 34页）的假设，人们会预测古吉拉特语和马达加斯加语应该受到同等影响，而法语可能会有所不同。然而，术后8个月，患者恢复了对古吉拉特语的掌握，而马达加斯加语却大幅退化，他的法语仍未受损。两年后，患者完全恢复了对三种语言的使用。
