一项关于猪消化道选择性去污的诺氟沙星剂量探索性研究。
A norfloxacin dose finding study for selective decontamination of the digestive tract in pigs.
作者信息
Van der Waaij L A, Messerschmidt O, Van der Waaij D
机构信息
Laboratory for Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Epidemiol Infect. 1989 Feb;102(1):93-103. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800029721.
Five pigs were treated orally with norfloxacin for 5 consecutive days in two well-separated periods. This was done to determine the lowest dose required to free the pigs of Enterobacteriaceae. In the first period of the study, the animals were treated with 400 mg per day while in the second treatment 800 mg norfloxacin was given. Daily faecal culturing indicated that the faeces became free of Enterobacteriaceae in 3-5 days when treated with 400 mg/day, while all animals were found negative on culturing after 3 days of treatment with 800 mg/day. Investigation of the concentration of norfloxacin in the faeces revealed that a substantial fraction of the dose was either absorbed or inactivated by faecal substances. An in vitro study in faeces confirmed that a substantial part, some 75% of the dose, may have been inactivated by intestinal contents. This finding helps to explain the much lower concentration of 120 mg norfloxacin per kg of faeces in the pig in comparison with the almost tenfold higher concentration reported to develop in man during treatment with an identical dose.
五头猪在两个时间段内连续五天口服诺氟沙星，两个时间段间隔较远。这样做是为了确定使猪清除肠杆菌科细菌所需的最低剂量。在研究的第一个阶段，动物每天接受400毫克的治疗，而在第二次治疗中，给予800毫克诺氟沙星。每日粪便培养表明，当每天用400毫克治疗时，粪便在3至5天内不含肠杆菌科细菌，而在用800毫克/天治疗3天后，所有动物的培养结果均为阴性。对粪便中诺氟沙星浓度的调查显示，很大一部分剂量要么被粪便物质吸收，要么被其灭活。一项粪便体外研究证实，很大一部分，约75%的剂量，可能已被肠道内容物灭活。这一发现有助于解释猪粪便中每公斤120毫克诺氟沙星的浓度远低于报道的人类在相同剂量治疗期间所产生的几乎高十倍的浓度。
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