Batista Juliana H, da Silva Neto José F
Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
Front Microbiol. 2017 Nov 10;8:2213. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02213. eCollection 2017.
is an abundant component of the soil and water microbiota in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. For many years, it was mainly known as a producer of violacein and as a reporter for the discovery of quorum sensing molecules. However, has recently emerged as an important model of an environmental opportunistic pathogen. Its high virulence in human infections and a mouse infection model involves the possession of several predicted virulence traits, including two type III secretion systems (T3SSs). In this article, in addition to providing an update on the new clinical cases of human infections, we will focus on recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms regarding pathogenesis. It has been demonstrated that the Cpi-1 T3SS plays a pivotal role in interaction with host cells. It is required for the secretion of effector proteins and is the agonist recognized by the Nod-like receptor CARD domain-containing protein 4 (NLRC4) inflammasome from innate immune cells. Pyroptosis and its release of hepatocytes for killing by neutrophils are key events required for the clearance of . Given the prominent role of T3SSs in virulence, we examine their occurrence in the genus, taking advantage of several draft genome sequences of species that have recently become available. Our finding that the Cpi-1 T3SS is widespread among species points toward the pathogenic potential of this genus for humans or to novel roles of the T3SS in the interaction of species with other organisms.
是全球热带和亚热带地区土壤及水微生物群的丰富组成部分。多年来，它主要作为紫菌素的生产者以及群体感应分子发现的报告菌株为人所知。然而，最近它已成为环境机会致病菌的重要模型。它在人类感染和小鼠感染模型中的高毒力涉及拥有多种预测的毒力特征，包括两个III型分泌系统（T3SSs）。在本文中，除了提供人类感染新临床病例的最新情况外，我们将重点关注在理解发病机制的分子机制方面的最新进展。已证明Cpi-1 T3SS在与宿主细胞的相互作用中起关键作用。它是效应蛋白分泌所必需的，并且是来自先天免疫细胞的含Nod样受体CARD结构域蛋白4（NLRC4）炎性小体识别的激动剂。细胞焦亡及其释放肝细胞以供中性粒细胞杀伤是清除所必需的关键事件。鉴于T3SSs在毒力方面的突出作用，我们利用最近可获得的几种物种的基因组草图序列，研究它们在属中的出现情况。我们发现Cpi-1 T3SS在物种中广泛存在，这表明该属对人类具有致病潜力，或者表明T3SS在物种与其他生物体相互作用中具有新作用。
