Al-Maweri Sadeq A, Al-Jamaei Aisha, Saini Rajan, Laronde Denise M, Sharhan Amany
Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Al-Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Oral Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen.
J Investig Clin Dent. 2018 May;9(2):e12305. doi: 10.1111/jicd.12305. Epub 2017 Nov 26.
The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of white oral mucosal lesions among Yemeni adults; in particular, those who chew khat and tobacco.
The present cross-sectional study included 1052 dental patients aged 15 years and older. A detailed oral examination was performed by a single examiner in accordance with standard international criteria.
Overall, 25.2% of the study participants presented with one or more white lesions. The most prevalent lesions were khat-induced white lesion (8.8%), leukoedema (5.1%), and frictional keratosis (3.9%). Potentially malignant lesions, such as lichen planus, leukoplakia, and smokeless tobacco-induced lesions, were seen in 2.4%, 1.2%, and 1.7% of participants, respectively. Moreover, three cases of oral cancer were identified. The presence of white lesions was found to be significantly associated with advanced age (P = .004), male gender (P = .009), and khat/tobacco chewing habits (P < .001).
The present study demonstrates a high prevalence of oral benign and potentially malignant white lesions. Further, it highlights the urgent need to develop and implement new government policies to regulate the sale of these products to reduce the prevalence of these lesions and the overall incidence of oral cancers in the Yemeni population.
本研究旨在评估也门成年人白色口腔黏膜病变的患病率及危险因素；尤其关注那些咀嚼巧茶和烟草的人群。
本横断面研究纳入了1052名15岁及以上的牙科患者。由一名检查者按照国际标准进行详细的口腔检查。
总体而言，25.2%的研究参与者出现了一处或多处白色病变。最常见的病变为巧茶引起的白色病变（8.8%）、白色水肿（5.1%）和摩擦性角化病（3.9%）。分别有2.4%、1.2%和1.7%的参与者出现了潜在恶性病变，如扁平苔藓、白斑和无烟烟草引起的病变。此外，还确诊了3例口腔癌病例。发现白色病变的出现与高龄（P = 0.004）、男性（P = 0.009）以及咀嚼巧茶/烟草的习惯（P < 0.001）显著相关。
本研究表明口腔良性及潜在恶性白色病变的患病率很高。此外，强调了迫切需要制定并实施新的政府政策来规范这些产品的销售，以降低也门人群中这些病变的患病率以及口腔癌的总体发病率。
