DeLucia Claire M, De Asis Roxanne M, Bailey E Fiona
Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Exp Physiol. 2018 Feb 1;103(2):201-211. doi: 10.1113/EP086641. Epub 2018 Jan 15.
What is the central question of this study? What impact does inspiratory muscle training have on systemic vascular resistance, cardiac output and baroreflex sensitivity in adult men and women? What is the main finding and its importance? Inspiratory muscle training exerts favorable effects on blood pressure, vascular resistance and perception of stress. This exercise format is well-tolerated and equally effective whether implemented in men or women.
Previous work has shown that inspiratory muscle training (IMT) lowers blood pressure after a mere 6 weeks, identifying IMT as a potential therapeutic intervention to prevent or treat hypertension. Here, we explore the effects of IMT on respiratory muscle strength and select cardiovascular parameters in recreationally active men and women. Subjects were randomly assigned to IMT (n = 12, 75% maximal inspiratory pressure) or sham training (n = 13, 15% maximal inspiratory pressure) groups and underwent a 6-week intervention comprising 30 breaths day , 5 days week . Pre- and post-training measures included maximal inspiratory pressure and resting measures of blood pressure, cardiac output, heart rate, spontaneous cardiac baroreflex sensitivity and systemic vascular resistance. We evaluated psychological and sleep status via administration of the Cohen-Hoberman inventory of physical symptoms and the Epworth sleepiness scale. Male and female subjects in the IMT group showed declines in systolic/diastolic blood pressures (-4.3/-3.9 mmHg, P < 0.025) and systemic vascular resistance (-3.5 mmHg min l , P = 0.008) at week 6. There was no effect of IMT on cardiac output (P = 0.722), heart rate (P = 0.795) or spontaneous cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (P = 0.776). The IMT subjects also reported fewer stress-related symptoms (pre- versus post-training, 12.5 ± 8.5 versus 7.2 ± 9.7, P = 0.025). Based on these results, we suggest that a short course of IMT confers significant respiratory and cardiovascular improvements and parallel (modest) psychological benefits in healthy men and women.
本研究的核心问题是什么？吸气肌训练对成年男性和女性的全身血管阻力、心输出量和压力感受器反射敏感性有何影响？主要发现及其重要性是什么？吸气肌训练对血压、血管阻力和压力感知产生有益影响。这种运动形式耐受性良好，无论在男性还是女性中实施，效果均相同。
先前的研究表明，吸气肌训练（IMT）仅需6周就能降低血压，这表明IMT是预防或治疗高血压的一种潜在治疗干预措施。在此，我们探讨IMT对有运动习惯的男性和女性呼吸肌力量及选定心血管参数的影响。受试者被随机分为IMT组（n = 12，最大吸气压力的75%）或假训练组（n = 13，最大吸气压力的15%），并接受为期6周的干预，每天进行30次呼吸，每周5天。训练前和训练后的测量指标包括最大吸气压力以及静息状态下的血压、心输出量、心率、自发性心脏压力感受器反射敏感性和全身血管阻力。我们通过科恩 - 霍伯曼身体症状量表和爱泼华嗜睡量表评估心理和睡眠状态。IMT组的男性和女性受试者在第6周时收缩压/舒张压下降（-4.3/-3.9 mmHg，P < 0.025），全身血管阻力下降（-3.5 mmHg·min/l，P = 0.008）。IMT对心输出量（P = 0.722）、心率（P = 0.795）或自发性心脏压力感受器反射敏感性（P = 0.776）没有影响。IMT组的受试者还报告与压力相关的症状减少（训练前与训练后，12.5 ± 8.5对7.2 ± 9.7，P = 0.025）。基于这些结果，我们认为短期的IMT能使健康男性和女性在呼吸和心血管方面有显著改善，并同时（适度地）带来心理益处。
