Castro Olagide W, Upadhya Dinesh, Kodali Maheedhar, Shetty Ashok K
Olin E. Teague Veterans' Medical Center, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas, United States.
Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, College Station, Texas, United States.
Front Neurol. 2017 Nov 13;8:603. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00603. eCollection 2017.
Status epilepticus (SE) is a medical emergency exemplified by self-sustaining, unceasing seizures or swiftly recurring seizure events with no recovery between seizures. The early phase after SE event is associated with neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and abnormal neurogenesis in the hippocampus though the extent of these changes depends on the severity and duration of seizures. In many instances, over a period, the initial precipitating injury caused by SE leads to temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), typified by spontaneous recurrent seizures, cognitive, memory and mood impairments associated with chronic inflammation, reduced neurogenesis, abnormal synaptic reorganization, and multiple molecular changes in the hippocampus. While antiepileptic drugs are efficacious for terminating or greatly reducing seizures in most cases of SE, they have proved ineffective for easing SE-induced epileptogenesis and TLE. Despite considerable advances in elucidating SE-induced multiple cellular, electrophysiological, and molecular changes in the brain, efficient strategies that prevent SE-induced TLE development are yet to be discovered. This review critically confers the efficacy and promise of resveratrol, a phytoalexin found in the skin of red grapes, for easing SE-induced neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, aberrant neurogenesis, and for restraining the evolution of SE-induced brain injury into a chronic epileptic state typified by spontaneous recurrent seizures, and learning, memory, and mood impairments.
癫痫持续状态（SE）是一种医疗急症，表现为持续性、不间断的癫痫发作或迅速反复出现的癫痫发作事件，发作之间无恢复。SE事件后的早期阶段与海马体中的神经退行性变、神经炎症和异常神经发生有关，尽管这些变化的程度取决于癫痫发作的严重程度和持续时间。在许多情况下，随着时间的推移，SE引起的初始促发损伤会导致颞叶癫痫（TLE），其特征为自发性反复癫痫发作、与慢性炎症相关的认知、记忆和情绪障碍、神经发生减少、异常突触重组以及海马体中的多种分子变化。虽然抗癫痫药物在大多数SE病例中对终止或大幅减少癫痫发作有效，但已证明它们对缓解SE诱导的癫痫发生和TLE无效。尽管在阐明SE诱导的大脑中多种细胞、电生理和分子变化方面取得了相当大的进展，但尚未发现预防SE诱导的TLE发展的有效策略。本综述批判性地探讨了白藜芦醇（一种在红葡萄皮中发现的植物抗毒素）在缓解SE诱导的神经退行性变、神经炎症、异常神经发生以及抑制SE诱导的脑损伤演变为以自发性反复癫痫发作以及学习、记忆和情绪障碍为特征的慢性癫痫状态方面的功效和前景。
