Brachmann Anselm, Redies Christoph
Experimental Aesthetics Group, Institute of Anatomy, Jena University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Jena, Jena, Germany.
Front Comput Neurosci. 2017 Nov 14;11:102. doi: 10.3389/fncom.2017.00102. eCollection 2017.
Aesthetics has been the subject of long-standing debates by philosophers and psychologists alike. In psychology, it is generally agreed that aesthetic experience results from an interaction between perception, cognition, and emotion. By experimental means, this triad has been studied in the field of , which aims to gain a better understanding of how aesthetic experience relates to fundamental principles of human visual perception and brain processes. Recently, researchers in computer vision have also gained interest in the topic, giving rise to the field of . With computing hardware and methodology developing at a high pace, the modeling of perceptually relevant aspect of aesthetic stimuli has a huge potential. In this review, we present an overview of recent developments in computational aesthetics and how they relate to experimental studies. In the first part, we cover topics such as the prediction of ratings, style and artist identification as well as computational methods in art history, such as the detection of influences among artists or forgeries. We also describe currently used computational algorithms, such as classifiers and deep neural networks. In the second part, we summarize results from the field of experimental aesthetics and cover several isolated image properties that are believed to have a effect on the aesthetic appeal of visual stimuli. Their relation to each other and to findings from computational aesthetics are discussed. Moreover, we compare the strategies in the two fields of research and suggest that both fields would greatly profit from a joined research effort. We hope to encourage researchers from both disciplines to work more closely together in order to understand visual aesthetics from an integrated point of view.
美学一直是哲学家和心理学家长期争论的主题。在心理学领域，人们普遍认为审美体验源于感知、认知和情感之间的相互作用。通过实验手段，这三者在该领域得到了研究，其目的是更好地理解审美体验与人类视觉感知和大脑过程的基本原理之间的关系。最近，计算机视觉领域的研究人员也对这一主题产生了兴趣，从而催生了计算美学领域。随着计算硬件和方法的飞速发展，对审美刺激的感知相关方面进行建模具有巨大潜力。在这篇综述中，我们概述了计算美学的最新进展以及它们与实验研究的关系。在第一部分，我们涵盖了诸如评分预测、风格和艺术家识别等主题，以及艺术史中的计算方法，如艺术家之间影响或赝品的检测。我们还描述了当前使用的计算算法，如分类器和深度神经网络。在第二部分，我们总结了实验美学领域的研究结果，并涵盖了几种被认为对视觉刺激的审美吸引力有影响的孤立图像属性。讨论了它们之间的相互关系以及与计算美学研究结果的关系。此外，我们比较了这两个研究领域的策略，并建议这两个领域将从联合研究中大大受益。我们希望鼓励来自这两个学科的研究人员更紧密地合作，以便从综合的角度理解视觉美学。
