Wood Greg, Vine Samuel J, Parr Johnny, Wilson Mark R
1 Manchester Metropolitan University.
2 University of Exeter.
J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2017 Oct 1;39(5):327-338. doi: 10.1123/jsep.2017-0016. Epub 2017 Nov 29.
In three experiments, we explored the use of deceptive gaze in soccer penalty takers using eye-tracking equipment. In Experiment 1, players competed against a goalkeeper while taking unconstrained shots. Results indicated that when players used deception (looking to the opposite side to which they shot), they extended the duration of their final aiming (quiet eye) fixation and maintained shooting accuracy. In Experiment 2, with no goalkeeper present, players still used extended quiet-eye durations when using a deceptive strategy, but this time, their accuracy suffered. In Experiment 3, we manipulated the goalkeeper's location while controlling for the use of peripheral vision and memory of goal size. Results indicated that increased quiet-eye durations were required when using deceptive aiming, and that accuracy was influenced by the position of the goalkeeper. We conclude that during deceptive aiming, soccer players maintain accuracy by covertly processing information related to the goalkeeper's location.
在三项实验中，我们使用眼动追踪设备探究了足球罚球者使用欺骗性注视的情况。在实验1中，球员们在不受约束的情况下射门时与守门员对抗。结果表明，当球员使用欺骗手段（看向与他们射门相反的一侧）时，他们延长了最终瞄准（静眼）注视的持续时间，并保持了射门准确性。在实验2中，没有守门员在场，球员在使用欺骗策略时仍会延长静眼持续时间，但这次他们的准确性受到了影响。在实验3中，我们在控制周边视觉的使用和对球门大小的记忆的同时，操纵了守门员的位置。结果表明，使用欺骗性瞄准时需要增加静眼持续时间，并且准确性受守门员位置的影响。我们得出结论，在欺骗性瞄准时，足球运动员通过暗中处理与守门员位置相关的信息来保持准确性。
