Bart K, Steinberg H
Archiv für Leipziger Psychiatriegeschichte, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universität Leipzig, Semmelweisstr. 10, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
Nervenarzt. 2018 Nov;89(11):1294-1302. doi: 10.1007/s00115-017-0451-7.
For the first time, this study presents publications representative for the work of the neurologist and sports physician Bernhard Schwarz, whose career spans from the 1950s to the 1970s. His work is characterized by exceptional originality. Schwarz acted as the physician of the GDR national boxing team and conducted a systematic long-term study of 800 boxers. He found increased occurrences of depression, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and suggested that these were linked to recurring craniocerebral injury. He was concerned about avoiding such long-term health effects in boxers and suggested a range of preventive measures that were later reflected in the guidelines of international boxing associations. Schwarz was distinguished by his drive to directly implement social psychiatric approaches in the hospital. As head of the psychiatric clinic at Leipzig University, he initiated a club for geriatric patients to help older patients with the problematic transition from hospitalization to outpatient assistance at home. Influenced by holistic anthropological thinking, he regarded geriatric mental illness as a consequence of social isolation. In addition, Schwarz was involved in a model project that assessed the work resilience of patients in the hospital with the goal of optimizing psychiatric rehabilitation. Both projects were successes, according to his published accounts.
本研究首次展示了代表神经学家兼运动医学家伯恩哈德·施瓦茨工作成果的出版物，他的职业生涯跨越20世纪50年代至70年代。他的工作具有非凡的独创性。施瓦茨担任民主德国国家拳击队的队医，并对800名拳击手进行了系统的长期研究。他发现抑郁症、阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病的发病率增加，并认为这些与反复的颅脑损伤有关。他担心拳击手会出现这种长期健康影响，并提出了一系列预防措施，这些措施后来反映在国际拳击协会的指导方针中。施瓦茨的特点是他在医院直接实施社会精神病学方法的动力。作为莱比锡大学精神病诊所的负责人，他发起了一个老年患者俱乐部，以帮助老年患者解决从住院到在家接受门诊援助的问题。受整体人类学思想的影响，他认为老年精神疾病是社会隔离的结果。此外，施瓦茨参与了一个示范项目，该项目评估了医院患者的工作恢复能力，目的是优化精神病康复。根据他发表的报告，这两个项目都取得了成功。
