Houghton Serena C, Manson JoAnn E, Whitcomb Brian W, Hankinson Susan E, Troy Lisa M, Bigelow Carol, Bertone-Johnson Elizabeth R
1Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology,University of Massachusetts,Amherst,MA 01003,USA.
2Channing Division of Network Medicine,Brigham and Women's Hospital,Boston,MA 02115,USA.
Br J Nutr. 2017 Nov;118(10):849-857. doi: 10.1017/S0007114517002690.
Approximately 8-20 % of reproductive-aged women experience premenstrual syndrome (PMS), substantially impacting quality of life. Women with PMS are encouraged to reduce fat intake to alleviate symptoms; however, its role in PMS development is unclear. We evaluated the association between dietary fat intake and PMS development among a subset of the prospective Nurses' Health Study II cohort. We compared 1257 women reporting clinician-diagnosed PMS, confirmed by premenstrual symptom questionnaire and 2463 matched controls with no or minimal premenstrual symptoms. Intakes of total fat, subtypes and fatty acids were assessed via FFQ. After adjustment for age, BMI, smoking, Ca and other factors, intakes of total fat, MUFA, PUFA and trans-fat measured 2-4 years before were not associated with PMS. High SFA intake was associated with lower PMS risk (relative risk (RR) quintile 5 (median=28·1 g/d) v. quintile 1 (median=15·1 g/d)=0·75; 95 % CI 0·58, 0·98; P trend=0·07). This association was largely attributable to stearic acid intake, with women in the highest quintile (median=7·4 g/d) having a RR of 0·75 v. those with the lowest intake (median=3·7 g/d) (95 % CI 0·57, 0·97; P trend=0·03). Individual PUFA and MUFA, including n-3 fatty acids, were not associated with risk. Overall, fat intake was not associated with higher PMS risk. High intake of stearic acid may be associated with a lower risk of developing PMS. Additional prospective research is needed to confirm this finding.
约8 - 20%的育龄妇女患有经前综合征（PMS），这对生活质量有重大影响。鼓励患有经前综合征的女性减少脂肪摄入以缓解症状；然而，其在经前综合征发生中的作用尚不清楚。我们在一项前瞻性护士健康研究II队列的子集中评估了饮食脂肪摄入与经前综合征发生之间的关联。我们比较了1257名报告经临床医生诊断为经前综合征的女性（经经前症状问卷确认）和2463名匹配的对照者，这些对照者没有或仅有轻微的经前症状。通过食物频率问卷评估总脂肪、脂肪亚型和脂肪酸的摄入量。在对年龄、体重指数、吸烟、钙和其他因素进行调整后，2 - 4年前测量的总脂肪、单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸和反式脂肪的摄入量与经前综合征无关。高饱和脂肪酸摄入量与较低的经前综合征风险相关（相对风险（RR）第5五分位数（中位数 = 28·1 g/天）与第1五分位数（中位数 = 15·1 g/天）相比 = 0·75；95%置信区间0·58，0·98；P趋势 = 0·07）。这种关联主要归因于硬脂酸的摄入，摄入量最高五分位数（中位数 = 7·4 g/天）的女性与摄入量最低五分位数（中位数 = 3·7 g/天）的女性相比，RR为0·75（95%置信区间0·57，0·97；P趋势 = 0·03）。包括n - 3脂肪酸在内的个体多不饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸与风险无关。总体而言，脂肪摄入与较高的经前综合征风险无关。高硬脂酸摄入量可能与较低的经前综合征发生风险有关联。需要更多的前瞻性研究来证实这一发现。
