Siminiuc Rodica, Ţurcanu Dinu
Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, Technical University of Moldova, Chişinău, Moldova.
Doctoral School of the Technical University of Moldova, Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, Technical University of Moldova, Chişinău, Moldova.
Front Nutr. 2023 Feb 1;10:1079417. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1079417. eCollection 2023.
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is one of the most common disorders faced by women of reproductive age. More than 200 symptoms of varying severity associated with PMS have been identified. Because of the broad spectrum of action of PMS and its impact on quality of life, symptom relief is the main challenge of treating PMS and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). The review aims to analyze and identify the potential impact of dietary and nutritional therapies on PMS and, respectively, for its better management. The study was conducted by accessing Internet databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus and using relevant keywords such as PMS, symptoms, dietary patterns (DPs), macro and micronutrients, and supplements. The results showed that diet is an essential modulating factor in reducing and managing PMS symptoms. But research on the actual effect of foods and nutrients on PMS is sparse, sporadic, and studied with insufficient scientific rigor. No correlations were identified between the consumption of macronutrients and PMS: protein, fat, carbohydrates, and fiber, but the effectiveness of micronutrients, especially calcium, magnesium, vitamin D, B vitamins, and herbal supplements, was demonstrated. Researchers remain unanimous that the evidence is insufficient and limited to support their use as an effective treatment. Nevertheless, the results could contribute to providing quality information to help women and girls make evidence-based decisions regarding premenstrual health and the adoption of dietary and nutritional therapies.
经前综合征（PMS）是育龄女性面临的最常见疾病之一。已确定与经前综合征相关的200多种不同严重程度的症状。由于经前综合征作用范围广泛及其对生活质量的影响，缓解症状是治疗经前综合征和经前烦躁障碍（PMDD）的主要挑战。本综述旨在分析和确定饮食及营养疗法对经前综合征的潜在影响，以便更好地管理该疾病。该研究通过访问诸如PubMed、ScienceDirect和Scopus等互联网数据库，并使用“经前综合征”“症状”“饮食模式”“常量和微量营养素”以及“补充剂”等相关关键词进行。结果表明，饮食是减轻和管理经前综合征症状的重要调节因素。但是，关于食物和营养素对经前综合征实际影响的研究稀少、零散，且科学严谨性不足。未发现常量营养素（蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物和纤维）的摄入与经前综合征之间存在关联，但微量营养素，尤其是钙、镁、维生素D、B族维生素和草药补充剂的有效性得到了证实。研究人员一致认为，证据不足，不足以支持将其用作有效治疗方法。尽管如此，这些结果有助于提供高质量信息，帮助女性和女孩就经前健康以及采用饮食和营养疗法做出基于证据的决策。
