1Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology,University of Massachusetts,715 North Pleasant Street,Arnold House 412,Amherst,MA01003,USA.
2Channing Division of Network Medicine,Department of Medicine,Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School,Boston,MA,USA.
Public Health Nutr. 2019 Jul;22(10):1762-1769. doi: 10.1017/S1368980018004019. Epub 2019 Feb 18.
To examine the relationship between protein intake and the risk of incident premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
Nested case-control study. FFQ were completed every 4 years during follow-up. Our main analysis assessed protein intake 2-4 years before PMS diagnosis (for cases) or reference year (for controls). Baseline (1991) protein intake was also assessed.
Nurses' Health Study II (NHS2), a large prospective cohort study of registered female nurses in the USA.ParticipantsParticipants were premenopausal women between the ages of 27 and 44 years (mean: 34 years), without diagnosis of PMS at baseline, without a history of cancer, endometriosis, infertility, irregular menstrual cycles or hysterectomy. Incident cases of PMS (n 1234) were identified by self-reported diagnosis during 14 years of follow-up and validated by questionnaire. Controls (n 2426) were women who did not report a diagnosis of PMS during follow-up and confirmed experiencing minimal premenstrual symptoms.
In logistic regression models adjusting for smoking, BMI, B-vitamins and other factors, total protein intake was not associated with PMS development. For example, the OR for women with the highest intake of total protein 2-4 years before their reference year (median: 103·6 g/d) v. those with the lowest (median: 66·6 g/d) was 0·94 (95 % CI 0·70, 1·27). Additionally, intakes of specific protein sources and amino acids were not associated with PMS. Furthermore, results substituting carbohydrates and fats for protein were also null.
Overall, protein consumption was not associated with risk of developing PMS.
探讨蛋白质摄入量与经前期综合征（PMS）发病风险的关系。
巢式病例对照研究。在随访期间每 4 年完成一次 FFQ。我们的主要分析评估了 PMS 诊断前 2-4 年（病例组）或参考年（对照组）的蛋白质摄入量。还评估了基线（1991 年）的蛋白质摄入量。
美国注册女护士的大型前瞻性队列研究护士健康研究 II（NHS2）。
参与者为年龄在 27-44 岁（平均 34 岁）、基线时无 PMS 诊断、无癌症、子宫内膜异位症、不孕、月经不规律或子宫切除史的绝经前妇女。通过 14 年的随访，通过自我报告的诊断确定了 PMS 的发病病例（n=1234），并通过问卷进行了验证。对照组（n=2426）为随访期间未报告 PMS 诊断且确认经历最小经前期症状的女性。
在调整吸烟、BMI、B 族维生素和其他因素的逻辑回归模型中，总蛋白质摄入量与 PMS 发病无关。例如，在参考年前 2-4 年摄入最高总蛋白质（中位数：103.6 g/d）的女性与摄入最低总蛋白质（中位数：66.6 g/d）的女性相比，比值比（OR）为 0.94（95%CI 0.70, 1.27）。此外，特定蛋白质来源和氨基酸的摄入量与 PMS 无关。此外，用碳水化合物和脂肪替代蛋白质的结果也是无效的。
总体而言，蛋白质摄入与 PMS 的发病风险无关。
