Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Animal, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICETBuenos Aires, Argentina
Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Animal, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICETBuenos Aires, Argentina.
Reproduction. 2017 Dec;154(6):F111-F124. doi: 10.1530/REP-17-0357. Epub 2017 Dec 1.
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has become a useful technique for clinical applications in the horse-breeding industry. However, both ICSI blastocyst and offspring production continues to be limited for most farm and wild species. This article reviews technical differences of ICSI performance among species, possible biological and methodological reasons for the variable efficiency and potential strategies to improve the outcomes. One of the major applications of ICSI in animal production is the reproduction of high-value specimens. Unfortunately, some domestic species like the bovine show low rates of pronuclei formation after sperm injection, which led to the development of various artificial activation protocols and sperm pre-treatments that are discussed in this article. The impact of ICSI technique on equine breeding programs is considered in detail, since in contrast to other species, its use for elite horse reproduction has increased in recent years. ICSI has also been used to produce genetically modified animals; however, despite numerous attempts in several domestic species, only transgenic pigs have been consistently produced. Finally, the ICSI is a promising tool for genetic rescue of endangered and wild species. In conclusion, while ICSI has become a consistent ART for some species, it needs further development for others. The low results obtained for some domestic species, the high training needed and the equipment required have limited this technique to the production of elite specimens or for research purposes.
胞质内精子注射（ICSI）已成为马养殖行业临床应用的一项有用技术。然而，对于大多数农场和野生动物种来说，ICSI 囊胚和后代的生产仍然受到限制。本文综述了 ICSI 在不同物种中的技术差异，以及导致效率差异的可能的生物学和方法学原因，以及提高效率的潜在策略。ICSI 在动物生产中的主要应用之一是繁殖高价值的标本。不幸的是，一些家畜物种，如牛，在精子注射后形成原核的比率较低，这导致了各种人工激活方案和精子预处理的发展，本文对此进行了讨论。详细考虑了 ICSI 技术对赛马繁殖计划的影响，因为与其他物种相比，近年来其在精英赛马繁殖中的应用有所增加。ICSI 也被用于生产转基因动物；然而，尽管在几个家畜物种中进行了多次尝试，只有转基因猪被持续生产。最后，ICSI 是濒危和野生动物遗传拯救的有前途的工具。总之，虽然 ICSI 已经成为一些物种的一种常规 ART，但对于其他物种来说，它还需要进一步发展。一些家畜物种的低结果、所需的高培训和所需的设备限制了该技术只能用于精英标本的生产或研究目的。
