Nursing Studies, School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Public Health Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, 15-21 Webster Street, Liverpool, UK.
Eur J Public Health. 2018 Jun 1;28(3):533-537. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx208.
Qualitative studies have aimed to understand why some women continue to drink during pregnancy; however, there is a lack of comparative cross-cultural research. We aimed to explore perceptions and practices of alcohol use during pregnancy in England and Sweden.
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 parents in Merseyside, England and 22 parents in Örebro County, Sweden. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and translated. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
The majority of women in both countries abstained from alcohol when they found out they were pregnant, despite alcohol being part of many social contexts before pregnancy. Nine of the seventeen English women drank at some point during pregnancy, typically on special occasions. Most parents felt women should modify their alcohol intake when they become mothers, though several English parents argued that responsible motherhood did not necessarily equate to abstinence. Swedish parents held strong opinions against drinking during pregnancy and argued that any amount of alcohol could harm the foetus. English parents' opinions were divided; some were skeptical of whether low to moderate drinking was associated with risks.
Practices and attitudes towards alcohol use during pregnancy and views on foetal rights and responsibilities of pregnant women differed in England and Sweden. Shared social norms around drinking may be shaped within the policy context of pregnancy drinking guidelines, determining whether women consume alcohol or not.
定性研究旨在了解为什么有些女性在怀孕期间继续饮酒；然而，缺乏比较跨文化的研究。我们旨在探讨英格兰和瑞典在怀孕期间对饮酒的看法和做法。
对英格兰默西塞德郡的 21 名父母和瑞典厄勒布鲁县的 22 名父母进行了半结构化访谈。访谈进行了录音、逐字记录并翻译。使用主题分析对数据进行了分析。
尽管在怀孕前，酒精是许多社交场合的一部分，但两国的大多数女性在发现怀孕后都停止饮酒。17 名英国女性中有 9 名在怀孕期间的某个时候饮酒，通常是在特殊场合。大多数父母认为女性成为母亲后应该控制饮酒量，尽管一些英国父母认为负责任的母亲身份不一定等同于戒酒。瑞典父母强烈反对怀孕期间饮酒，并认为任何数量的酒精都可能伤害胎儿。英国父母的意见存在分歧；一些人对低至中度饮酒是否与风险相关持怀疑态度。
在英格兰和瑞典，怀孕期间饮酒的做法和态度以及对胎儿权利和孕妇责任的看法存在差异。围绕饮酒的共同社会规范可能是在怀孕期间饮酒指南的政策背景下形成的，这决定了女性是否饮酒。
