Iwańczak Barbara M, Buchner Anna M, Iwańczak Franciszek
Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.
Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
Adv Clin Exp Med. 2017 Oct;26(7):1131-1136. doi: 10.17219/acem/60581.
Helicobacter pylori infection is widely spread all over the world. The prevalence of H. pylori infection in the world varies and depends on numerous factors such as age, ethnicity, geographical and socioeconomic status. Humans have been in a symbiotic relationship with this bacterium for thousands of years. However 10-20% of people infected with H. pylori are likely to develop gastroduodenal diseases such as peptic ulcer disease, iron deficiency anemia, gastric mucosal atrophy, metaplasia, dysplasia, MALT lymphoma, or gastric adenocarcinoma. Most of these diseases develop as the infection progresses and they are likely to occur later in life among the elderly. In the following years, the use of modern molecular techniques has led to the discovery of new Helicobacter strains and their genotypic differentiation. Newly discovered Helicobacter microorganisms can colonize human gastrointestinal tract and bile ducts. This article summarizes the distinct features of H. pylori infection in children including its prevalence, clinical manifestation, indications for treatment and recommended schemes of eradication.
幽门螺杆菌感染在全球广泛传播。幽门螺杆菌感染在世界范围内的患病率各不相同，且取决于众多因素，如年龄、种族、地理和社会经济地位。人类与这种细菌已经共生了数千年。然而，10%至20%的幽门螺杆菌感染者可能会患上胃十二指肠疾病，如消化性溃疡病、缺铁性贫血、胃黏膜萎缩、化生、发育异常、黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤或胃腺癌。这些疾病大多随着感染的进展而发生，且可能在老年人的晚年出现。在接下来的几年里，现代分子技术的应用导致了新的幽门螺杆菌菌株的发现及其基因型分化。新发现的幽门螺杆菌微生物可在人类胃肠道和胆管中定植。本文总结了儿童幽门螺杆菌感染的独特特征，包括其患病率、临床表现、治疗指征和推荐的根除方案。
