通过一项随机纵向心脏磁共振成像研究（未训练男性高强度间歇训练（HI(R)T）中的心肌适应性研究，即体力与心脏适应性未训练试验，PUSH试验），观察先前未经训练的男性心肌对HI(R)T的适应性。
Myocardial adaption to HI(R)T in previously untrained men with a randomized, longitudinal cardiac MR imaging study (Physical adaptions in Untrained on Strength and Heart trial, PUSH-trial).
作者信息
Scharf Michael, Oezdemir Derya, Schmid Axel, Kemmler Wolfgang, von Stengel Simon, May Matthias S, Uder Michael, Lell Michael M
机构信息
Department of Radiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany.
Department of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2017 Dec 7;12(12):e0189204. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189204. eCollection 2017.
OBJECTIVE
Although musculoskeletal effects in resistance training are well described, little is known about structural and functional cardiac adaption in formerly untrained subjects. We prospectively evaluated whether short term high intensity (resistance) training (HI(R)T) induces detectable morphologic cardiac changes in previously untrained men in a randomized controlled magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
80 untrained middle-aged men were randomly assigned to a HI(R)T-group (n = 40; 43.5±5.9 years) or an inactive control group (n = 40; 42.0±6.3 years). HI(R)T comprised 22 weeks of training focusing on a single-set to failure protocol in 2-3 sessions/week, each with 10-13 exercises addressing main muscle groups. Repetitions were decreased from 8-10 to 3-5 during study period. Before and after HI(R)T all subjects underwent physiologic examination and cardiac MRI (cine imaging, tagging).
RESULTS
Indexed left (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volume (LV: 76.8±15.6 to 78.7±14.8 ml/m2; RV: 77.0±15.5 to 78.7±15.1 ml/m2) and mass (LV: 55.5±9.7 to 57.0±8.8 g/m2; RV: 14.6±3.0 to 15.0±2.9 g/m2) significantly increased with HI(R)T (all p<0.001). Mean LV and RV remodeling indices of HI(R)T-group did not alter with training (0.73g/mL and 0.19g/mL, respectively [p = 0.96 and p = 0.87]), indicating balanced cardiac adaption. Indexed LV (48.4±11.1 to 50.8±11.0 ml/m2) and RV (48.5±11.0 to 50.6±10.7 ml/m2) stroke volume significantly increased with HI(R)T (p<0.001). Myocardial strain and strain rates did not change following resistance exercise. Left atrial volume at end systole slightly increased after HI(R)T (36.2±7.9 to 37.0±8.4 ml/m2, p = 0.411), the ratio to end-diastolic LV volume at baseline and post-training was unchanged (0.47 vs. 0.47, p = 0.79).
CONCLUSION
22 weeks of HI(R)T lead to measurable, physiological changes in cardiac atrial and ventricular morphologic characteristics and function in previously untrained men.
TRIAL REGRISTRATION
The PUSH-trial is registered at the US National Institutes of Health (ClinicalTrials.gov), NCT01766791.
目的
尽管抗阻训练对肌肉骨骼的影响已有充分描述，但对于既往未经训练的受试者心脏结构和功能适应性的了解却很少。我们进行了一项前瞻性随机对照磁共振成像（MRI）研究，评估短期高强度（抗阻）训练（HI（R）T）是否会在既往未经训练的男性中引起可检测到的心脏形态学变化。
材料与方法
80名未经训练的中年男性被随机分为HI（R）T组（n = 40；43.5±5.9岁）或非运动对照组（n = 40；42.0±6.3岁）。HI（R）T包括22周的训练，重点是每周2 - 3次单组至疲劳训练方案，每次训练有10 - 13项针对主要肌肉群的练习。在研究期间，重复次数从8 - 10次减少到3 - 5次。在HI（R）T前后，所有受试者均接受生理检查和心脏MRI（电影成像、标记）检查。
结果
HI（R）T后，左心室（LV）和右心室（RV）的指数容积（LV：76.8±15.6至78.7±14.8 ml/m²；RV：77.0±15.5至78.7±15.1 ml/m²）和质量（LV：55.5±9.7至57.0±8.8 g/m²；RV：14.6±3.0至15.0±2.9 g/m²）均显著增加（所有p<0.001）。HI（R）T组的平均左心室和右心室重构指数未随训练而改变（分别为0.73g/mL和0.19g/mL [p = 0.96和p = 0.87]），表明心脏适应性平衡。HI（R）T后，左心室（48.4±11.1至50.8±11.0 ml/m²）和右心室（48.5±11.0至50.6±10.7 ml/m²）的指数每搏输出量显著增加（p<0.001）。抗阻运动后心肌应变和应变率未发生变化。HI（R）T后，收缩末期左心房容积略有增加（36.2±7.9至37.0±8.4 ml/m²，p = 0.411），基线和训练后与舒张末期左心室容积的比值未改变（0.47对0.47，p = 0.79）。
结论
22周的HI（R）T可使既往未经训练的男性心脏心房和心室的形态特征及功能发生可测量的生理变化。
试验注册
PUSH试验已在美国国立卫生研究院（ClinicalTrials.gov）注册，NCT01766791。
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