Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Biofactors. 2018 Jan;44(1):26-35. doi: 10.1002/biof.1401. Epub 2017 Dec 8.
Epigenetic mechanisms are essential in regulating normal cellular functions and play an important role during the disease developmental stages. However, aberrant epigenetic mechanisms may lead to pathological consequences such as cancer, neurological disorders, bone and skeletal diseases, cardiovascular dysfunction, and metabolic syndrome. The molecular mechanisms of epigenetic modification include DNA methylation, histone modification (acetylation, methylation and phosphorylation), and microRNAs (miRNAs). Unlike genetic modifications, epigenetic states of genes are reversible and can be altered by certain intrinsic and extrinsic factors. In the past few decades, accumulated evidence shows that dietary phytochemicals with chemopreventive effects are also potent epigenetic regulators. Resveratrol and pterostilbene are stilbenoids, which have been reported to have anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-lipid, and anti-diabetic properties. Stilbenoids are also reported to improve cardiovascular disease. By altering DNA methylation and histone modification or by modulating miRNA expression, resveratrol, and pterostilbene become potent epigenetic modifiers. In this review, we summarize these studies and underlying mechanisms of resveratrol and pterostilbene and their influence on epigenetic mechanisms. © 2017 BioFactors, 44(1):26-35, 2018.
表观遗传机制在调节正常细胞功能方面起着重要作用，在疾病发展阶段也起着重要作用。然而，异常的表观遗传机制可能导致癌症、神经紊乱、骨骼和骨骼疾病、心血管功能障碍和代谢综合征等病理后果。表观遗传修饰的分子机制包括 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰（乙酰化、甲基化和磷酸化）和 microRNAs（miRNAs）。与遗传修饰不同，基因的表观遗传状态是可逆的，可以通过某些内在和外在因素改变。在过去的几十年中，越来越多的证据表明，具有化学预防作用的膳食植物化学物质也是有效的表观遗传调节剂。白藜芦醇和紫檀芪是芪类物质，据报道具有抗癌、抗炎、抗脂质和抗糖尿病的特性。芪类物质也被报道能改善心血管疾病。通过改变 DNA 甲基化和组蛋白修饰，或调节 miRNA 表达，白藜芦醇和紫檀芪成为有效的表观遗传修饰剂。在这篇综述中，我们总结了白藜芦醇和紫檀芪的这些研究和潜在机制及其对表观遗传机制的影响。
