Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba X5000 HUA, Argentina.
Nat Rev Genet. 2018 Apr;19(4):191-207. doi: 10.1038/nrg.2017.92. Epub 2017 Dec 11.
Genetic recombination occurs in all organisms and is vital for genome stability. Indeed, in humans, aberrant recombination can lead to diseases such as cancer. Our understanding of homologous recombination is built upon more than a century of scientific inquiry, but achieving a more complete picture using ensemble biochemical and genetic approaches is hampered by population heterogeneity and transient recombination intermediates. Recent advances in single-molecule and super-resolution microscopy methods help to overcome these limitations and have led to new and refined insights into recombination mechanisms, including a detailed understanding of DNA helicase function and synaptonemal complex structure. The ability to view cellular processes at single-molecule resolution promises to transform our understanding of recombination and related processes.
遗传重组发生在所有生物体中，对基因组稳定性至关重要。事实上，在人类中，异常的重组可能导致癌症等疾病。我们对同源重组的理解建立在一个多世纪的科学研究之上，但使用组合生化和遗传方法来获得更完整的图景受到群体异质性和瞬时重组中间体的阻碍。单分子和超分辨率显微镜方法的最新进展有助于克服这些限制，并对重组机制有了新的、更精细的认识，包括对 DNA 解旋酶功能和联会复合体结构的详细了解。以单分子分辨率观察细胞过程的能力有望改变我们对重组和相关过程的理解。
