University of Michigan.
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
Child Dev. 2019 Jul;90(4):1202-1214. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12999. Epub 2017 Dec 13.
The uncanny valley posits that very human-like robots are unsettling, a phenomenon amply demonstrated in adults but unexplored in children. Two hundred forty 3- to 18-year-olds viewed one of two robots (machine-like or very human-like) and rated their feelings toward (e.g., "Does the robot make you feel weird or happy?") and perceptions of the robot's capacities (e.g., "Does the robot think for itself?"). Like adults, children older than 9 judged the human-like robot as creepier than the machine-like robot-but younger children did not. Children's perceptions of robots' mental capacities predicted uncanny feelings: children judge robots to be creepy depending on whether they have human-like minds. The uncanny valley is therefore acquired over development and relates to changing conceptions about robot minds.
拟仿人类的机器人令人感到不适，这种现象在成年人中得到了充分的证明，但在儿童中尚未得到探索。240 名 3 至 18 岁的儿童观看了两种机器人中的一种（类机器或非常类人），并对他们的感受（例如，“机器人让你感到奇怪或高兴吗？”）和对机器人能力的看法（例如，“机器人会自己思考吗？”）进行了评价。与成年人一样，9 岁以上的儿童认为类人机器人比机器人类机器人更令人毛骨悚然——但年龄较小的儿童并非如此。儿童对机器人心理能力的看法预测了怪异的感觉：儿童根据机器人是否具有类人思维来判断机器人是否令人毛骨悚然。因此，怪异谷是在发展过程中获得的，与关于机器人思维的不断变化的观念有关。
