Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
J Clin Microbiol. 2018 Feb 22;56(3). doi: 10.1128/JCM.01318-17. Print 2018 Mar.
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the leading cause of mortality in children under 5 years of age globally. To improve the management of CAP, we must distinguish CAP from other common pediatric conditions and develop better diagnostic methods to detect the causative organism, so as to best direct appropriate resources in both industrialized and developing countries. Here, we review the diagnostic modalities available for identifying viruses and bacteria in the upper and lower respiratory tract of children, with a discussion of their utility and limitations in diagnosing CAP in children.
社区获得性肺炎（CAP）是全球 5 岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因。为了改善 CAP 的管理，我们必须将 CAP 与其他常见儿科疾病区分开来，并开发更好的诊断方法来检测病原体，以便在工业化国家和发展中国家都能最好地利用适当的资源。在这里，我们回顾了用于识别儿童上呼吸道和下呼吸道病毒和细菌的诊断方法，并讨论了它们在诊断儿童 CAP 中的实用性和局限性。
