Zaker Arehzoo, Asili Javad, Abrishamchi Parvaneh, Tayarani-Najaran Zahra, Mousavi Seyed Hadi
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2017 Dec;20(12):1377-1384. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2017.9568.
Kar., from family Lamiaceae, is a little known medicinal plant growing in various regions of Iran. In the present study, cryptotanshinone (CT), tanshinone 2A (Tan2A), and hydroxycryptotanshinone (HCT) were isolated and purified from the roots of . In addition, cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of total root extract (TE) and three purified tanshinones were investigated in human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) and human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines.
Alamar Blue assay was used to determine cell viability. Cell apoptotic rate was detected using propidium iodide staining of DNA fragmentation by flowcytometry (sub-G1 peak). The PARP cleavage, as the sign of apoptosis, was investigated by Western blotting.
The results revealed that CT, Tan2A, HCT, and TE exhibited significant cytotoxicity in cancer cell lines. All of these compounds caused apoptosis in treated cells and induced sub-G1 peak in the related flowcytometry histograms. HCT was found to have the highest anti-proliferative activity on cancer cells. Western blotting analysis showed cleavage of PARP protein in MCF-7 cells treated with purified tanshinones and TE after 48 hr contact with cells.
The findings suggest that root extract of and purified tanshinones especially Tan2A and HCT have cytotoxic and apoptotic effects against cancer cell lines. So, they may serve as potential cytotoxic agents for future investigations.
唇形科植物Kar.是一种生长在伊朗不同地区但鲜为人知的药用植物。在本研究中，从Kar.的根中分离并纯化了隐丹参酮（CT）、丹参酮2A（Tan2A）和羟基隐丹参酮（HCT）。此外，还研究了根提取物（TE）和三种纯化的丹参酮对人宫颈癌（HeLa）和人乳腺癌（MCF-7）细胞系的细胞毒性和凋亡作用。
采用alamar蓝法测定细胞活力。通过流式细胞术（亚G1峰）对DNA片段进行碘化丙啶染色来检测细胞凋亡率。通过蛋白质免疫印迹法研究作为凋亡标志的PARP裂解情况。
结果显示，CT、Tan2A、HCT和TE在癌细胞系中表现出显著的细胞毒性。所有这些化合物均导致处理后的细胞发生凋亡，并在相关的流式细胞术直方图中诱导出亚G1峰。发现HCT对癌细胞具有最高的抗增殖活性。蛋白质免疫印迹分析显示，在用纯化的丹参酮和TE处理MCF-7细胞48小时后，PARP蛋白发生裂解。
研究结果表明，Kar.的根提取物和纯化的丹参酮，尤其是Tan2A和HCT，对癌细胞系具有细胞毒性和凋亡作用。因此，它们可能作为潜在的细胞毒性剂用于未来的研究。
