Crutcher K A
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0515.
Exp Neurol. 1989 Apr;104(1):39-54. doi: 10.1016/0014-4886(89)90007-1.
The failure of axons to regenerate within the brain and spinal cord of mature mammals has been attributed to the absence of growth-promoting substances, especially extracellular matrix components, or to the presence of growth-inhibiting substances, particularly components associated with CNS myelin. The ability of mature mammalian CNS tissue to support neurite regeneration was tested by growing explants of embryonic chick lumbar sympathetic ganglia on fresh frozen sections of the mature rat brain and spinal cord. The extent of neurite outgrowth was quantified using morphometric analysis for explants grown on sections that included most of the major anatomical divisions of the CNS. Extensive, but variable, regeneration was present on gray matter regions, whereas major white matter tracts showed poor support, if any, for neurite growth. The results are consistent with the presence of growth-inhibiting factors associated with CNS white matter but also indicate that most gray matter regions of the mature mammalian brain and spinal cord will support axonal regeneration in tissue culture in spite of the absence of known extracellular matrix components.
成熟哺乳动物脑和脊髓内轴突再生失败被归因于缺乏生长促进物质，尤其是细胞外基质成分，或者归因于生长抑制物质的存在，特别是与中枢神经系统髓磷脂相关的成分。通过将胚胎鸡腰交感神经节外植体培养在成熟大鼠脑和脊髓的新鲜冷冻切片上，测试了成熟哺乳动物中枢神经系统组织支持神经突再生的能力。对于培养在包含中枢神经系统大部分主要解剖区域的切片上的外植体，使用形态计量分析对神经突生长的程度进行了量化。灰质区域存在广泛但可变的再生，而主要的白质束对神经突生长的支持作用很差，即便有支持作用也很微弱。这些结果与中枢神经系统白质中存在生长抑制因子相一致，但也表明，尽管缺乏已知的细胞外基质成分，成熟哺乳动物脑和脊髓的大多数灰质区域在组织培养中仍将支持轴突再生。
