a Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences , University of Verona , Verona , Italy.
b Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM) , Mo i Rana , Norway.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2018 Apr 3;14(4):815-831. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1417711. Epub 2018 Jan 18.
Basophils are circulating cells that are associated quite exclusively with allergy response and hypersensitivity reactions but their role in the immune network might be much more intriguing and complex than previously expected. The feasibility of testing their biology in vitro for allergy research and diagnosis, due fundamentally to their quite easy availability in the peripheral blood, made them the major source for assessing allergy in the laboratory assay, when yet many further cells such as mast cells and eosinophils are much more involved as effector cells in allergy than circulating basophils. Interestingly, basophil numbers change rarely in peripheral blood during an atopic response, while we might yet observe an increase in eosinophils and modification in the biology of mast cells in the tissue during an hypersensitivity response. Furthermore, the fact that basophils are very scanty in numbers suggests that they should mainly serve as regulatory cells in immunity, rather than effector leukocytes, as still believed by the majority of physicians. In this review we will try to describe and elucidate the possible role of these cells, known as "innate IL4-producing cells" in the immune regulation of allergy and their function in allergen immunotherapy.
嗜碱性粒细胞是循环细胞，与过敏反应和超敏反应密切相关，但它们在免疫网络中的作用可能比之前预期的更为复杂。由于外周血中嗜碱性粒细胞相当容易获得，因此它们在体外进行过敏研究和诊断的生物学特性检测成为可能，这使它们成为评估实验室检测中过敏的主要来源，尽管在过敏反应中，效应细胞如肥大细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞比循环嗜碱性粒细胞参与的程度要高得多。有趣的是，在过敏反应期间，外周血中的嗜碱性粒细胞数量很少发生变化，而在超敏反应期间，我们可能会观察到嗜酸性粒细胞数量增加和肥大细胞生物学特性的改变。此外，嗜碱性粒细胞数量非常少这一事实表明，它们应该主要作为免疫调节细胞，而不是效应白细胞，这仍然是大多数医生的观点。在这篇综述中，我们将尝试描述和阐明这些被称为“固有产生 IL-4 的细胞”在过敏免疫调节中的可能作用，以及它们在变应原免疫治疗中的功能。
