Kala Manika, Shaikh Muhammad Vaseem, Nivsarkar Manish
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology B. V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development Centre Ahmedabad India.
Faculty of Pharmacy NIRMA University Ahmedabad India.
Reprod Med Biol. 2016 Dec 26;16(1):28-35. doi: 10.1002/rmb2.12013. eCollection 2017 Jan.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are required for cellular functioning and are controlled by anti-oxidants. The ROS influence the follicles, oocytes, endometrium, and their environment. The luteinizing hormone surge initiates a massive recruitment of ROS that modulates major reproductive functions namely, oocyte maturation, ovarian steroidogenesis, corpus luteal function, and luteolysis. The anti-oxidant system balances ROS generation and maintains the cellular functions. Both enzymatic and non-enzymatic anti-oxidants namely, vitamins and minerals are present in the follicles and protect the oocytes from the damaging effects of ROS. The overproduction of ROS leads to oxidative stress that affects the quality of oocytes and subsequent anovulation. Although researchers have tried to establish the role of ROS and anti-oxidants in oocyte development, still this aspect needs to be revisited. This review discusses the importance of the ROS and anti-oxidant balance that is required for the development and maturation of oocytes. There are increasing data on the activity of ROS and anti-oxidants in supporting oocyte development and maturation. However, extensive research is required to identify the safe physiological concentration and duration of both the ROS and anti-oxidants that are required to facilitate oocyte development and maturation during in vitro and in vivo conditions.
活性氧（ROS）是细胞功能所必需的，并受抗氧化剂的控制。ROS会影响卵泡、卵母细胞、子宫内膜及其周围环境。促黄体生成素激增会引发大量ROS的产生，这些ROS会调节主要的生殖功能，即卵母细胞成熟、卵巢类固醇生成、黄体功能和黄体溶解。抗氧化系统平衡ROS的产生并维持细胞功能。卵泡中存在酶促和非酶促抗氧化剂，即维生素和矿物质，它们可保护卵母细胞免受ROS的破坏作用。ROS的过量产生会导致氧化应激，从而影响卵母细胞的质量并导致随后的无排卵。尽管研究人员试图确定ROS和抗氧化剂在卵母细胞发育中的作用，但这方面仍需重新审视。本综述讨论了ROS与抗氧化剂平衡对卵母细胞发育和成熟的重要性。关于ROS和抗氧化剂在支持卵母细胞发育和成熟方面的活性，已有越来越多的数据。然而，需要进行广泛的研究以确定在体外和体内条件下促进卵母细胞发育和成熟所需的ROS和抗氧化剂的安全生理浓度和持续时间。
