Combelles Catherine M H, Gupta Sajal, Agarwal Ashok
Biology Department, MBH 346, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT 05753, USA.
Reprod Biomed Online. 2009 Jun;18(6):864-80. doi: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60038-7.
In the efforts aimed at improving the quality of in-vitro-matured human oocytes, the dynamic balance and roles of pro-/antioxidants merit further consideration. In-vitro maturation (IVM) is emerging as a popular technology at the forefront of fertility treatment and preservation. However, standard in-vitro culture conditions exert oxidative stress or an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are oxygen-derived molecules formed as intermediary products of cellular metabolism. By acting as powerful oxidants, ROS can oxidatively modify any molecule, resulting in structural and functional alterations. ROS are neutralized by an elaborate defence system consisting of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants. This review captures the inherent and external factors that may modulate the oxidative stress status of oocytes. It discusses the suspected impacts of oxidative stress on the gamut of events associated with IVM, including prematuration arrest, meiotic progression, chromosomal segregation, cytoskeletal architecture and gene expression. In-vivo and in-vitro strategies that may overcome the potential influences of oxidative stress on oocyte IVM are presented. Future studies profiling the oxidative stress status of the oocyte may permit not only the formulation of a superior IVM medium that maintains an adequate pro-/antioxidant balance, but also the identification of predictors of oocyte quality.
在旨在提高体外成熟人卵母细胞质量的努力中，促氧化剂/抗氧化剂的动态平衡及其作用值得进一步研究。体外成熟（IVM）正在成为生育治疗和保存前沿的一项热门技术。然而，标准的体外培养条件会产生氧化应激，或导致氧化剂与抗氧化剂之间的失衡。活性氧（ROS）是作为细胞代谢中间产物形成的氧衍生分子。作为强大的氧化剂，ROS可氧化修饰任何分子，导致结构和功能改变。ROS由由酶促和非酶促抗氧化剂组成的精细防御系统中和。本综述阐述了可能调节卵母细胞氧化应激状态的内在和外在因素。它讨论了氧化应激对与IVM相关的一系列事件的潜在影响，包括早熟停滞、减数分裂进程、染色体分离、细胞骨架结构和基因表达。还介绍了可能克服氧化应激对卵母细胞IVM潜在影响的体内和体外策略。未来对卵母细胞氧化应激状态进行分析的研究不仅可能有助于制定一种能维持适当促氧化剂/抗氧化剂平衡的优质IVM培养基，还可能有助于识别卵母细胞质量的预测指标。
