Marini M
Center for Translational Neurophysiology Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Ferrara Italy.
Department of Neurobiology Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA.
Obes Sci Pract. 2017 Nov 21;3(4):390-398. doi: 10.1002/osp4.136. eCollection 2017 Dec.
Although stigma towards obesity and anorexia is a well-recognized problem, no research has investigated and compared the explicit (i.e. conscious) and implicit (i.e. unconscious) preferences between these two conditions. The present study conducted this investigation in a sample of 4,806 volunteers recruited at the Project Implicit website (https://implicit.harvard.edu).
Explicit and implicit preferences were assessed among different weight categories (i.e. underweight, normal weight and overweight/obese) by means of self-reported items and the Multi-category Implicit Association Test, respectively.
Preferences for the normal weight category were found both at the explicit and implicit levels when this category was compared with overweight/obese and underweight categories. On the contrary, when the underweight category was contrasted with the obese/overweight category, results differed at the explicit and implicit levels: pro-underweight preferences were observed at the explicit level, while pro-overweight/obese preferences were found at the implicit level.
These results indicate that preferences between overweight/obese and underweight categories differ at the explicit and implicit levels. This dissociation may have important implications on behaviour and decision-making.
尽管对肥胖症和厌食症的污名化是一个公认的问题，但尚无研究调查和比较这两种情况之间的显性（即有意识的）和隐性（即无意识的）偏好。本研究在从隐性项目网站（https://implicit.harvard.edu）招募的4806名志愿者样本中进行了此项调查。
分别通过自我报告项目和多类别隐性联想测验，评估不同体重类别（即体重过轻、正常体重和超重/肥胖）之间的显性和隐性偏好。
当将正常体重类别与超重/肥胖和体重过轻类别进行比较时，在显性和隐性水平上均发现对正常体重类别的偏好。相反，当将体重过轻类别与肥胖/超重类别进行对比时，显性和隐性水平的结果有所不同：在显性水平上观察到支持体重过轻的偏好，而在隐性水平上发现支持超重/肥胖的偏好。
这些结果表明，超重/肥胖和体重过轻类别之间的偏好在显性和隐性水平上存在差异。这种分离可能对行为和决策产生重要影响。
