Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Via Fossato di Mortara, 19, 44121, Ferrara, FE, Italy.
Dipartimento Di Psicologia, Universitá Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Viale Ellittico, 31, 81100, Caserta, Italy.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2023 Aug;10(4):1682-1692. doi: 10.1007/s40615-022-01353-z. Epub 2022 Jul 5.
Recent studies showed that implicit measures are valuable instruments for assessing exposure to discrimination and predicting negative physical conditions. Between March 10, 2020, and April 1, 2020, we conducted three experiments (577 participants) in the USA to evaluate the use of group-specific vs. general race/ethnicity categories in implicit measures of discrimination. We measured implicit discrimination and attitudes towards the general race/ethnicity category "people of color" (POC) and two specific race/ethnicity categories (i.e., "Black people" and "Hispanic people"). Implicit discrimination and attitudes were assessed using the Brief Implicit Association Test (B-IAT). Among participants (mean age = 37, standard deviation = 10.5), 50% identified as White non-Hispanic (NH), 33.3% as Black NH, and 16.7% as Hispanic; 71.7% were female and 72.2% had a bachelor's degree or higher. We found an implicit discrimination towards target groups and an in-group preference among all participant groups only when specific race/ethnicity categories were used in the B-IAT. When the general category POC was used, we observed a discrimination towards POC only for Black NH participants, while White NH participants showed no discrimination. Similarly, Black NH participants showed no in-group preference for POC, but did show an in-group preference for Black people. These results suggest that using the category POC in implicit measures may be inappropriate when evaluating discrimination and attitudes towards Black and Hispanic individuals as it may not capture specific experiences of discrimination and identity in these groups.
最近的研究表明，内隐测量是评估歧视暴露和预测负面身体状况的有价值工具。2020 年 3 月 10 日至 4 月 1 日，我们在美国进行了三项实验（577 名参与者），以评估在歧视的内隐测量中使用特定群体与一般种族/族裔类别。我们测量了内隐歧视和对“有色人种”（POC）这一一般种族/族裔类别的态度，以及两个特定种族/族裔类别（即“黑人”和“西班牙裔人”）。使用简短内隐联想测验（B-IAT）评估内隐歧视和态度。在参与者中（平均年龄=37 岁，标准差=10.5），50%的人自认为是非西班牙裔白人（NH），33.3%的人自认为是黑人 NH，16.7%的人自认为是西班牙裔；71.7%为女性，72.2%拥有学士学位或以上学历。我们发现，只有当 B-IAT 中使用特定的种族/族裔类别时，所有参与者群体才会表现出针对目标群体的内隐歧视和对内群体的偏好。当使用一般类别 POC 时，我们仅观察到黑人 NH 参与者对 POC 的歧视，而 NH 白人参与者则没有歧视。同样，黑人 NH 参与者对 POC 没有内群体偏好，但对黑人表现出内群体偏好。这些结果表明，在内隐测量中使用 POC 类别可能不适合评估黑人和西班牙裔个体的歧视和态度，因为它可能无法捕捉这些群体中特定的歧视和身份体验。
