Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology 1214, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, 67149-67346, Daneshgah Street, Tagh-e-Bostan, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Metab Brain Dis. 2018 Feb;33(1):325-331. doi: 10.1007/s11011-017-0166-2. Epub 2017 Dec 19.
The crucial role of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) gene and its active isoform, xanthine oxidase (XO), in purine metabolism and cellular oxidative status led us to investigative their fluctuations in food deprivation induced food hoarding in mice. After, 10 h food deprivation, mice that hoarded lesser than 5 g were considered as 'low-hoarders' while mice that hoarded higher than 20 g were considered as 'high-hoarders'. Mice who hoarded between 5 to 20 g of food were excluded from study. An increase (1.133-fold) in encephalic XOR expression has been found in high-hoarders compared with low-hoarders without sex consideration. An increase (~ 50-fold) in encephalic XOR in female high-hoarders vs. female low-hoarders while a decrease (0.026-fold) in encephalic XOR in male high-hoarders vs. male low-hoarders demonstrated that food deprivation is associated with sex-dependent alteration in XOR expression. The encephalic and hepatic XO activities were not different in male high-hoarders vs. male low-hoarders while encephalic XO activity has been also increased significantly in female high-hoarders (~ 4 times) compared to female low-hoarders. The plasma and hepatic XO activities tended to be increased in female high-hoarders as compared to female low-hoarders, however the uric acid levels in plasma, liver and brain tissues were not altered in female high-hoarders as compared to female low-hoarders. In sum, this study generally proposed that different gene expression space is behind of hoarding behavior in a food-deprived mouse model. Specifically, this is the first study that examined the levels of encephalic XO activity and XOR expression in hoarding behavior, although additional studies are requested.
黄嘌呤氧化还原酶（XOR）基因及其活性同工酶黄嘌呤氧化酶（XO）在嘌呤代谢和细胞氧化状态中起着至关重要的作用，这促使我们研究它们在食物剥夺诱导的小鼠囤积食物行为中的波动情况。在 10 小时的食物剥夺后，囤积食物少于 5 克的小鼠被认为是“低囤积者”，而囤积食物多于 20 克的小鼠被认为是“高囤积者”。囤积食物在 5 到 20 克之间的小鼠被排除在研究之外。与低囤积者相比，高囤积者的大脑 XOR 表达增加了 1.133 倍，而没有考虑到性别差异。与低囤积者相比，雌性高囤积者大脑 XOR 增加了约 50 倍，而雄性高囤积者大脑 XOR 减少了 0.026 倍，这表明食物剥夺与 XOR 表达的性别依赖性改变有关。雄性高囤积者与雄性低囤积者的大脑和肝脏 XO 活性没有差异，而雌性高囤积者的大脑 XO 活性显著增加（约 4 倍），与雌性低囤积者相比。与雌性低囤积者相比，雌性高囤积者的血浆和肝脏 XO 活性也有所增加，但雌性高囤积者的血浆、肝脏和脑组织中的尿酸水平没有改变。总之，这项研究提出了在食物剥夺的小鼠模型中，不同的基因表达空间是囤积行为的背后原因。具体来说，这是首次研究了囤积行为中大脑 XO 活性和 XOR 表达水平的研究，尽管还需要进一步的研究。
