Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Mar;25(7):6680-6684. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-0985-z. Epub 2017 Dec 19.
Humans are exposed to heavy metals through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal absorption. Exposure to these chemicals may be possible during lactation. Although breastfeeding has import benefits of physical growth and development of breastfed infants, it may be a source of exposure to toxicants. The present study was conducted to determine infant exposure to the arsenic via breastfeeding. The milk samples were collected from the 150 volunteering mothers three times during the first month of lactation after delivery. The average arsenic concentration in breast milk samples was measured by atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). The demographic parameters of lactating mothers were collected by a questionnaire and were analyzed using SPSS 18 software. Arsenic was not detectable in 71 of 150 samples (47.3%). The highest arsenic concentration was 3.73 μg/L, and overall mean of arsenic concentration was 0.87 ± 0.66 μg/L. The daily infant intake of arsenic ranged in the 0.01-0.17 μg/kg of body weight, which is below the limit of daily permissible intake for adults. Our results showed the need to strengthen national food safety programs and to further promote avoidance of unhealthy foods consuming during pregnancy. Most of the study samples had detectable levels of arsenic indicate that there was maternal exposure prior to pregnancy, nevertheless, it is recommended that the toxic metal levels should be regularly monitored in biological environments.
人类通过摄入、吸入和皮肤吸收接触重金属。在哺乳期，这些化学物质可能会暴露。虽然母乳喂养对母乳喂养婴儿的身体生长和发育有重要的好处，但它也可能是接触毒物的来源。本研究旨在确定婴儿通过母乳喂养接触砷的情况。在分娩后第一个月的哺乳期内，采集了 150 名志愿者母亲的三次母乳样本。采用原子吸收光谱仪（AAS）测量母乳样本中的砷平均浓度。通过问卷收集哺乳期母亲的人口统计学参数，并使用 SPSS 18 软件进行分析。在 150 个样本中，有 71 个（47.3%）未检测到砷。最高砷浓度为 3.73μg/L，总体砷浓度平均值为 0.87±0.66μg/L。婴儿每日摄入的砷量在 0.01-0.17μg/kg 体重之间，低于成人每日允许摄入量的限值。我们的结果表明，需要加强国家食品安全计划，并进一步促进孕妇避免食用不健康的食物。大多数研究样本中都检测到砷，这表明在怀孕前就存在母体暴露，但建议应定期监测生物环境中的有毒金属水平。
