Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems@UniTn, Istituto Italiano di Technologia, Corso Bettini 31 38068 Rovereto (TN), Italy,
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
J Neurosci. 2018 Jan 31;38(5):1114-1123. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0854-17.2017. Epub 2017 Dec 20.
We examine whether peripheral information at a planned saccade target affects immediate postsaccadic processing at the fovea on saccade landing. Current neuroimaging research suggests that presaccadic stimulation has a late effect on postsaccadic processing, in contrast to the early effect seen in behavioral studies. Human participants (both male and female) were instructed to saccade toward a face or a house that, on different trials, remained the same, changed, or disappeared during the saccade. We used a multivariate pattern analysis of electroencephalography data to decode face versus house processing directly after the saccade. The classifier was trained on separate trials without a saccade, where a house or face was presented at the fovea. When the saccade target remained the same across the saccade, we could reliably decode the target 123 ms after saccade offset. In contrast, when the target was changed during the saccade, the new target was decoded at a later time-point, 151 ms after saccade offset. The "same" condition advantage suggests that congruent presaccadic information facilitates processing of the postsaccadic stimulus compared with incongruent information. Finally, the saccade target could be decoded above chance even when it had been removed during the saccade, albeit with a slower time course (162 ms) and poorer signal strength. These findings indicate that information about the (peripheral) presaccadic stimulus is transferred across the saccade so that it becomes quickly available and influences processing at its expected new retinal position (the fovea). Here we provide neural evidence for early information transfer across saccades. Specifically, we examined the effect of presaccadic sensory information on the initial neuronal processing of a postsaccadic stimuli. Using electroencephalography and multivariate pattern analysis, we found the following: (1) that the identity of the presaccadic stimulus modulated the postsaccadic latency of stimulus relevant information; and (2) that a saccadic neural marker for a saccade target stimulus could be detected even when the stimulus had been removed during saccade. These results demonstrate that information about the peripheral presaccadic stimulus was transferred across the saccade and influenced processing at a new retinal position (the fovea) directly after the saccade landed.
我们研究了在计划注视目标的周围信息是否会影响注视时的即时后效处理。当前的神经影像学研究表明，与行为研究中观察到的早期效应相反，预注视刺激对后注视处理有晚期效应。人类参与者（男性和女性）被指示向一个面孔或一个房子进行扫视，在不同的试验中，这些房子或面孔在扫视过程中保持不变、改变或消失。我们使用脑电图数据的多元模式分析来直接在扫视后解码面孔与房子的处理。分类器是在没有扫视的单独试验中进行训练的，在这些试验中，房子或面孔出现在中央凹。当扫视目标在整个扫视过程中保持不变时，我们可以在扫视结束后 123 毫秒可靠地解码目标。相比之下，当目标在扫视过程中发生变化时，新的目标会在稍后的时间点（扫视结束后 151 毫秒）被解码。“相同”条件的优势表明，与不一致的信息相比，一致的预注视信息促进了后注视刺激的处理。最后，即使在扫视过程中目标已经消失，目标仍然可以被解码出高于随机的水平，尽管时间过程较慢（162 毫秒）且信号强度较差。这些发现表明，关于（周围）预注视刺激的信息在扫视过程中被转移，以便它可以快速获得，并影响其预期的新视网膜位置（中央凹）的处理。在这里，我们提供了关于扫视间早期信息转移的神经证据。具体来说，我们研究了预注视感觉信息对后注视刺激初始神经元处理的影响。使用脑电图和多元模式分析，我们发现：（1）预注视刺激的身份调节了后注视刺激相关信息的潜伏期；（2）即使在扫视过程中刺激已经消失，也可以检测到针对扫视目标刺激的扫视神经标记。这些结果表明，关于周围预注视刺激的信息在扫视过程中被转移，并在扫视结束后直接影响新视网膜位置（中央凹）的处理。
