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即刻负重、延期负重及根尖即刻负重牙种植体的种植体存留率：一项3年随访研究

Implant Survival between Endo-osseous Dental Implants in Immediate Loading, Delayed Loading, and Basal Immediate Loading Dental Implants a 3-Year Follow-up.

作者信息

Garg Ritesh, Mishra Neha, Alexander Mohan, Gupta Sunil Kumar

机构信息

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Dental Studies and Technology, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, DJ College of Dental Science an Studies, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.

出版信息

Ann Maxillofac Surg. 2017 Jul-Dec;7(2):237-244. doi: 10.4103/ams.ams_87_17.

DOI:10.4103/ams.ams_87_17
PMID:29264292
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5717901/
Abstract

INTRODUCTION

With introduction of the term "ossteointegration of dental implant" by Branemark, advancement in implantology from 1957 to 2017 has come a long way with modification in implant type and in loading time. This study aims to evaluate the survival of endo-osseous immediate loading (IL) implant and basal IL implants in atrophic jaws with objective to compare implant survival in atrophic jaws for full mouth rehabilitation between endo-osseous IL versus endo-osseous delayed loading (DL) versus basal IL during 3-year follow-up.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Fifty-two (34 endo-osseous and 18 basal) implants were placed in 4 patients requiring full mouth rehabilitation in atrophic jaws. Case 1: Endo-osseous DL implants in upper and lower arch, Case 2: Endo-osseous IL implants in upper and lower arch, Case 3: Basal IL implant in upper and lower arch, and Case 4: Endo-osseous DL in upper arch and basal IL implant in the lower arch. Intraoperative evaluation was done on the basis of pain (visual analog scale [VAS]), operative time, and initial primary implant stability. Postoperative evaluation was done on pain (VAS), infection, radiographically successful implant (orthopantomogram), and patient satisfaction (Grade 0-10).

RESULTS

All cases showed satisfactory results but more amount of intra- and post-operative pain was felt with immediate basal implants.

CONCLUSION

We believe that clinicians should comply with patient requests, and for this reason, we agree with some authors to use minimally invasive techniques and to avoid when possible esthetic or functional problems associated with the use of removable prosthesis after teeth extractions.

摘要

引言

自布伦马克提出“牙种植体骨结合”这一术语以来，从1957年到2017年，种植学取得了长足的进步，种植体类型和加载时间都有所改进。本研究旨在评估骨内即刻加载（IL）种植体和基底即刻加载种植体在萎缩性颌骨中的存留情况，目的是比较骨内即刻加载与骨内延期加载（DL）以及基底即刻加载在萎缩性颌骨全口修复中的种植体存留在3年随访期内的情况。

材料与方法

在4例需要对萎缩性颌骨进行全口修复的患者中植入了52枚种植体（34枚骨内种植体和18枚基底种植体）。病例1：上下颌均为骨内延期加载种植体；病例2：上下颌均为骨内即刻加载种植体；病例3：上下颌均为基底即刻加载种植体；病例4：上颌为骨内延期加载种植体，下颌为基底即刻加载种植体。术中根据疼痛程度（视觉模拟评分法[VAS]）、手术时间和种植体初始初期稳定性进行评估。术后评估指标包括疼痛（VAS）、感染情况、影像学检查显示种植成功（曲面断层片）以及患者满意度（0 - 10级）。

结果

所有病例均显示出满意的结果，但即刻基底种植体在术中和术后引起的疼痛更多。

结论

我们认为临床医生应满足患者的需求，因此，我们赞同一些作者的观点，即采用微创技术，并尽可能避免拔牙后使用可摘义齿带来的美学或功能问题。

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