Wang X, Anderson B D, Pulscher L A, Bailey E S, Yondon M, Gray G C
Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China.
Division of Infectious Disease, School of Medicine, Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Zoonoses Public Health. 2018 Feb;65(1):e265-e269. doi: 10.1111/zph.12436. Epub 2017 Dec 19.
During the last 10 years, scientists have grown increasingly aware that emerging respiratory viruses are often zoonotic in their origin. These infections can originate from or be amplified in livestock. Less commonly recognized are instances when humans have transmitted their respiratory pathogens to animals (reverse zoonoses). Even with this knowledge of viral exchange at the human-livestock interface, few studies have been conducted to understand this cross-over. In this pilot study, we examined persons with influenza-like illness at an outpatient clinic for evidence of infection with novel zoonotic respiratory pathogens in rural North Carolina where there are dense swine and poultry farming. Environmental air sampling was also conducted. From July 2016 to March 2017, a total of 14 human subjects were enrolled and sampled, and 192 bioaerosol samples were collected. Of the 14 human subject samples molecularly tested, three (21.4%) were positive for influenza A, one (7.1%) for influenza B and one (7.1%) for human enterovirus. Of the 192 bioaerosol samples collected and tested by real-time RT-PCR or PCR, three (1.6%) were positive for influenza A and two (1.0%) for adenovirus. No evidence was found for novel zoonotic respiratory viruses.
在过去十年中，科学家们越来越意识到，新出现的呼吸道病毒往往起源于动物。这些感染可能源于家畜或在家畜中传播。人类将呼吸道病原体传播给动物（反向人畜共患病）的情况则较少被认识到。即便了解了人畜界面的病毒交换情况，但为了解这种交叉传播所开展的研究仍很少。在这项初步研究中，我们在北卡罗来纳州农村一家门诊诊所对患有流感样疾病的患者进行了检查，以寻找感染新型人畜共患呼吸道病原体的证据，该地区有密集的养猪场和家禽养殖场。我们还进行了环境空气采样。2016年7月至2017年3月，共招募并采集了14名人类受试者的样本，收集了192份生物气溶胶样本。在对14份人类受试者样本进行分子检测后，甲型流感阳性3份（21.4%），乙型流感阳性1份（7.1%），人肠道病毒阳性1份（7.1%）。在通过实时逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）或聚合酶链反应（PCR）收集并检测的192份生物气溶胶样本中，甲型流感阳性3份（1.6%），腺病毒阳性2份（1.0%）。未发现新型人畜共患呼吸道病毒的证据。
