Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Department of Nursing, Univ Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
J Nurs Manag. 2018 May;26(4):477-484. doi: 10.1111/jonm.12573. Epub 2017 Dec 21.
To reveal correlates of the decrease of Spanish nurse migration (1999-2007).
Nursing outmigration is a concern for countries. Nurse migration from Spain began in the 1990s.
From 1999 to 2007, the yearly number of migrations dropped significantly. We ask what social, economic and policy factors could be related to this drop.
We used publicly available statistics to confirm hypothesis (1) The drop in nursing migration coincided with a drop in nursing unemployment. Then we hypothesized that this coincided with (1a) a decrease in the number of graduates, (1b) an increase in the number of hospitals and/or beds functioning, and/or (1c) an increase in the ratio of part-time contracts.
Our analysis confirms hypotheses (1) and (1c) and disconfirms (1a) and (1b).
The greater availability of part-time contracts seems to have encouraged nurses to remain in Spain.
The strategy to reduce nursing unemployment with more part-time contracts, while temporarily successful in Spain, brings with it major challenges for patient care and the working life of nurses. We suggest that nurse leaders and health policymakers consider proactive policies to adjust the balance between supply and demand without decreasing the quality of available positions.
揭示西班牙护士移民减少（1999-2007 年）的相关因素。
护士移民外流是各国关注的问题。西班牙的护士移民始于 20 世纪 90 年代。
从 1999 年到 2007 年，移民人数每年显著下降。我们想知道哪些社会、经济和政策因素可能与这一下降有关。
我们使用公开可用的统计数据来验证假设（1）护理移民减少与护理失业减少相符。然后我们假设这与（1a）毕业生人数减少、（1b）医院和/或病床数量增加，以及/或者（1c）兼职合同比例增加相符。
我们的分析证实了假设（1）和（1c），并否定了假设（1a）和（1b）。
更多兼职合同的可用性似乎鼓励了护士留在西班牙。
通过更多兼职合同来减少护理失业的策略在西班牙暂时取得了成功，但给患者护理和护士的工作生活带来了重大挑战。我们建议护士领导人和卫生政策制定者考虑采取积极的政策来调整供需平衡，而不降低现有职位的质量。
