State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
Molecules. 2017 Dec 21;23(1):4. doi: 10.3390/molecules23010004.
Anthocyanins and flavones are important pigments responsible for the coloration of fruits. Mulberry fruit is rich in anthocyanins and flavonols, which have multiple uses in traditional Chinese medicine. The antinociceptive and antibacterial activities of total flavonoids (TF) from black mulberry (MnTF, TF of ) and non-black mulberry (MmTF, TF of ; and MazTF, TF of 'Zhenzhubai') fruits were studied. MnTF was rich in anthocyanins (11.3 mg/g) and flavonols (0.7 mg/g) identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tunable ultraviolet/mass single-quadrupole detection (UPLC-TUV/QDa). Comparatively, MmTF and MazTF had low flavonol contents and MazTF had no anthocyanins. MnTF showed significantly higher antinociceptive and antibacterial activities toward , and than MmTF and MazTF. MnTF inhibited the expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), phospho-p65 (p-p65) and phospho-IκBα (p-IκBα), and increased interleukin 10 (IL-10). Additionally, mice tests showed that cyanidin-3--glucoside (C3G), rutin (Ru) and isoquercetin (IQ) were the main active ingredients in the antinociceptive process. Stronger antinociceptive effect of MnTF was correlated with its high content of anthocyanins and flavonols and its inhibitory effects on proinflammatory cytokines, iNOS and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway-related proteins.
花色苷和类黄酮是负责水果颜色的重要色素。桑椹果实富含花色苷和类黄酮，在中药中有多种用途。本研究对黑桑（MnTF， 花色苷）和非黑桑（MmTF， 花色苷）及中华猕猴桃（MazTF， 花色苷）总黄酮（TF）的镇痛和抗菌活性进行了研究。MnTF 富含花色苷（11.3mg/g）和类黄酮（0.7mg/g），通过超高效液相色谱可调紫外/质量单四极杆检测（UPLC-TUV/QDa）鉴定。相比之下，MmTF 和 MazTF 类黄酮含量较低，而 MazTF 则没有花色苷。MnTF 对 、 、 表现出明显高于 MmTF 和 MazTF 的镇痛和抗菌活性。MnTF 抑制白细胞介素 6（IL-6）、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）、磷酸化 p65（p-p65）和磷酸化 IκBα（p-IκBα）的表达，增加白细胞介素 10（IL-10）的表达。此外，小鼠试验表明，矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷（C3G）、芦丁（Ru）和异槲皮苷（IQ）是镇痛过程中的主要活性成分。MnTF 较强的镇痛作用与其花色苷和类黄酮含量高、抑制促炎细胞因子、iNOS 和核因子-κB（NF-κB）通路相关蛋白有关。
