Carballo Camila B, Lebaschi Amir, Rodeo Scott A
Laboratory for Joint Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery.
Tech Shoulder Elb Surg. 2017 Sep;18(3):e6-e14. doi: 10.1097/BTE.0000000000000132. Epub 2017 Sep 1.
Cell-based approaches are among the principal interventions in orthobiologics to improve tendon and ligament healing and to combat degenerative processes. The number of options available for investigation are expanding rapidly and investigators have an increasing number of cell types to choose from for research purposes. However, in part due to the current regulatory environment, the list of available cells at clinicians' disposal for therapeutic purposes is still rather limited. In this review, we present an overview of the main cellular categories in current use. Notable recent developments in cell-based approaches include the introduction of diverse sources of mesenchymal stem cells, pluripotent cells of extra-embryonic origin, and the emerging popularity of fully differentiated cells such as tenocytes and endothelial cells. Delivery strategies are discussed and a succinct discussion of the current regulatory environment in the United States is presented.
基于细胞的方法是骨科生物治疗中用于改善肌腱和韧带愈合以及对抗退行性病变的主要干预措施之一。可供研究的选择数量正在迅速增加，研究人员有越来越多的细胞类型可供选择用于研究目的。然而，部分由于当前的监管环境，临床医生可用于治疗目的的可用细胞列表仍然相当有限。在本综述中，我们概述了当前使用的主要细胞类别。基于细胞的方法最近的显著进展包括引入多种间充质干细胞来源、胚外起源的多能细胞，以及完全分化的细胞如肌腱细胞和内皮细胞的日益普及。我们还讨论了递送策略，并简要介绍了美国当前的监管环境。
