2017年古拉格地区疟疾流行区疟疾防控的影响因素：对埃塞俄比亚南部疟疾消除的启示
Factors affecting prevention and control of malaria among endemic areas of Gurage zone: an implication for malaria elimination in South Ethiopia, 2017.
作者信息
Girum Tadele, Hailemikael Gebremariam, Wondimu Asegedech
机构信息
Department of Public health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines. 2017 Dec 20;3:17. doi: 10.1186/s40794-017-0060-2. eCollection 2017.
BACKGROUND
Globally malaria remains one of the most severe public health problems resulting in massive morbidity particularly in developing countries. Ethiopia as one of the sub-Saharan country it is highly endemic to malaria. It was noted that early detection and prompt treatment of malaria cases, selective vector control and epidemic prevention and control are the major strategies for malaria prevention and control; So far, a lot have been done and remarkable improvements were seen. However, in what extent the prevention strategy was running in the community and what factors are hindering the prevention strategy at community level was not well known in Ethiopia. Therefore this study aimed to assess measures taken to prevent malaria and associated factors among households in Gurage zone, south Ethiopia.
METHODS
Community based cross- sectional study was conducted in Gurage zone, southern Ethiopia A total of 817 randomly selected households were included in the study. After checking for completeness the data was entered in to Epi info 7 and analyzed through SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 21. Descriptive summary was computed and presented by tables, graphs and figures. After checking for assumptions Bivariate analysis was run to look for the association between dependent and explanatory variables; and using variables which have -value ≤0.25 binary logistic regression was fitted. Association was presented in Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval and significance determined at -value less than 0.05. Goodness of fit of the final model checked by Hosmer and Lemshow test.
RESULTS
Overall 496 (62%) of households practiced good measure of malaria prevention and control. Educated households (AOR = 2.15 (95% CI [1.21-4.67]), higher wealth index (AOR = 3.3 (95% CI [2.3-6.2]), iron corrugated house owners (AOR = 2.7 (95% CI [1.7-3.5]), who received ITN from HC (AOR = 3.6 (95% CI [1.7-4.5] and involved in malaria prevention campaign AOR = 2.6, (95% CI [1.8-3.6]) were independently and significantly determined the practice of malaria prevention measures.
CONCLUSION
The practice of malaria prevention measures were at acceptable and comparable level to other national findings and standards. Further strengthening of the program is important.
背景
在全球范围内，疟疾仍然是最严重的公共卫生问题之一，尤其在发展中国家导致大量发病。埃塞俄比亚作为撒哈拉以南国家之一，疟疾高度流行。据指出，疟疾病例的早期发现和及时治疗、选择性病媒控制以及疫情预防和控制是疟疾预防和控制的主要策略；到目前为止，已经做了很多工作，并且取得了显著进展。然而，在埃塞俄比亚，预防策略在社区中的实施程度以及哪些因素在社区层面阻碍了预防策略并不为人所知。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚南部古拉格地区家庭采取的预防疟疾措施及相关因素。
方法
在埃塞俄比亚南部的古拉格地区进行了基于社区的横断面研究。共有817户随机选择的家庭纳入研究。检查数据完整性后，将数据录入Epi info 7，并通过SPSS（社会科学统计软件包）21版进行分析。计算描述性总结，并以表格、图表和图形呈现。检查假设后，进行双变量分析以寻找因变量和解释变量之间的关联；并使用P值≤0.25的变量进行二元逻辑回归拟合。关联以比值比和95%置信区间呈现，显著性以P值小于0.05确定。最终模型的拟合优度通过Hosmer和Lemshow检验进行检查。
结果
总体而言，496户（62%）家庭采取了良好的疟疾预防和控制措施。受过教育的家庭（调整后比值比=2.15（95%置信区间[1.21 - 4.67]）、财富指数较高的家庭（调整后比值比=3.3（95%置信区间[2.3 - 6.2]）、拥有铁皮波纹屋顶房屋的家庭（调整后比值比=2.7（95%置信区间[1.7 - 3.5]）、从卫生中心获得长效驱虫蚊帐的家庭（调整后比值比=3.6（95%置信区间[1.7 - 4.5]）以及参与疟疾预防运动的家庭（调整后比值比=2.6，（95%置信区间[1.8 - 3.6]）被独立且显著地确定为采取疟疾预防措施的因素。
结论
疟疾预防措施的实施处于可接受水平，与其他国家的调查结果和标准相当。进一步加强该项目很重要。
Zotero 插件