2020 年，埃塞俄比亚南部霍拉莎市行政当局的家庭预防疟疾的做法及相关因素。
Malaria prevention practices and associated factors among households of Hawassa City Administration, Southern Ethiopia, 2020.
机构信息
School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Public Health Department, Pharma College Hawassa Campus, Hawassa, Sidama, Ethiopia.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2021 May 13;16(5):e0250981. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250981. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
Despite it is easily preventable; malaria is still remains to be a major public health problem in globally as well as in Ethiopia. The disease can be easily prevented through individual and societal combined efforts by keeping the environment safe, effective utilization of long lasting Insecticide Nets and early treatment. However, the factors for poor knowledge and practices of malaria prevention is not well studied in Ethiopia; particularly, in the study area. Hence, this study aimed to provide concrete evidence towards malaria prevention practices and associated factors among Households of Hawassa City Administration, Southern Ethiopia, 2020.
METHOD
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among a randomly selected 598 households at Hawassa City Administration from April 1-15, 2020. Multistage sampling technique was employed to recruit the study households. Data were collected by trained data collectors through a face-to-face interview with pretested structured questionnaire, which was adapted from previous peer reviewed articles. Then the data were checked for the completeness and consistencies, then, coded and entered into Epi data 3.1 and it was exported to SPSS IBM version 23 for analysis. Descriptive mean with standard deviation was used to summarize the continuous variables. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess factors affecting prevention and control of Malaria. Finally, adjusted odds ratio together with 95% CI and p-value <0.05 was used to declare the statistical significances.
RESULTS
The overall 317 (54.3%) of households practiced good measure of malaria prevention and control measures. Urban residence [AOR = 1.95 (95%CI: 1.17-3.24)], Secondary school completed [AOR = 5.02(95%CI 2.24-12.03)], Tertiary school completed [AOR = 7.27(95%CI: 2.84-18.55)], Positive Attitude [AOR = 8.20(95%CI: 5.31-12.68)] and Good knowledge about malaria [AOR = 2.81(95%CI: 1.78-4.44)] were significantly associated with malaria prevention practices.
CONCLUSIONS
Nearly half of the households were still practiced poor measure of malaria prevention and control measures. Hence, health officials and stake holders need attention by providing continuous health education and follow up to control malaria.
背景
尽管疟疾很容易预防，但它仍然是一个全球性的主要公共卫生问题，在埃塞俄比亚也是如此。通过保持环境安全、有效利用长效驱虫蚊帐和早期治疗，个人和社会共同努力可以很容易地预防这种疾病。然而，在埃塞俄比亚，特别是在研究地区，人们对疟疾预防知识和实践不佳的原因还没有进行很好的研究。因此，本研究旨在为 2020 年埃塞俄比亚 Hawassa 市行政当局的家庭提供疟疾预防实践和相关因素的具体证据。
方法
2020 年 4 月 1 日至 15 日，在 Hawassa 市行政当局，采用多阶段抽样技术随机选择 598 户家庭进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。数据收集员通过与预测试验的结构化问卷进行面对面访谈，收集了经过培训的数据，该问卷改编自以前经过同行评审的文章。然后，对数据进行完整性和一致性检查，然后对其进行编码并输入到 EpiData 3.1 中，并将其导出到 SPSS IBM 版本 23 进行分析。使用连续变量的描述性均值和标准差进行总结。采用单变量和多变量逻辑回归模型评估影响疟疾预防和控制的因素。最后，使用调整后的优势比以及 95%置信区间和 p 值<0.05 来宣布统计学意义。
结果
总体而言，有 317（54.3%）户家庭实施了良好的疟疾预防和控制措施。城市居住[AOR=1.95（95%CI：1.17-3.24）]、中学完成[AOR=5.02（95%CI 2.24-12.03）]、高等学校完成[AOR=7.27（95%CI：2.84-18.55）]、积极态度[AOR=8.20（95%CI：5.31-12.68）]和对疟疾的良好认识[AOR=2.81（95%CI：1.78-4.44）]与疟疾预防措施显著相关。
结论
近一半的家庭仍在采取较差的疟疾预防和控制措施。因此，卫生官员和利益相关者需要关注，提供持续的健康教育和后续行动以控制疟疾。
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