精神疲劳会损害年轻游泳运动员的身体表现。
Mental Fatigue Impairs Physical Performance in Young Swimmers.
作者信息
Penna Eduardo Macedo, Filho Edson, Wanner Samuel Penna, Campos Bruno Teobaldo, Quinan Gabriel Resende, Mendes Thiago Teixeira, Smith Mitchell Robert, Prado Luciano Sales
机构信息
1 Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
2 Universidade Federal do Pará-Campus.
出版信息
Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2018 May 1;30(2):208-215. doi: 10.1123/pes.2017-0128. Epub 2017 Dec 23.
PURPOSE
This study aimed to investigate the impact of mental fatigue on heart rate variability, subjective measures of fatigue, and swimming performance in young athletes.
METHODS
Sixteen swimmers [15.45 (0.51) y old, 7.35 (2.20) y of swimming experience] performed a 1500-m time trial on 2 occasions separated by an interval of at least 72 hours. The 1500-m swimming was preceded by a 30-minute treatment that consisted of performing the Stroop Color and Word test to induce mental fatigue (experimental trial) or watching an emotionally neutral video (control trial).
RESULTS
Participants reported higher ratings of mental fatigue and mental effort following the Stroop test when compared with the control trial, but no differences in motivation were observed. The induction of mental fatigue impaired swimming performance, as evidenced by a slower time (1.2%) to complete the 1500-m trial. No intertrial differences were identified for rating of perceived exertion during the swimming test or in heart rate variability after the Stroop and swimming tests.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that induction of mental fatigue impairs 1500-m swimming performance without changing heart rate variability.
目的
本研究旨在调查精神疲劳对年轻运动员心率变异性、疲劳主观测量指标及游泳成绩的影响。
方法
16名游泳运动员[年龄15.45（0.51）岁，游泳经验7.35（2.20）年]进行了两次1500米计时赛，两次测试间隔至少72小时。在1500米游泳测试前进行30分钟的处理，其中一次是通过进行斯特鲁普颜色和文字测试来诱发精神疲劳（实验性试验），另一次是观看情绪中性的视频（对照试验）。
结果
与对照试验相比，参与者在斯特鲁普测试后报告的精神疲劳和心理努力评分更高，但未观察到动机方面的差异。精神疲劳的诱发损害了游泳成绩，完成1500米测试的时间变慢（1.2%）就证明了这一点。在游泳测试期间的主观用力感觉评分或斯特鲁普测试及游泳测试后的心率变异性方面，未发现试验间差异。
结论
结果表明，诱发精神疲劳会损害1500米游泳成绩，而不会改变心率变异性。
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