Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2018 Apr 1;13(4):510-516. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2016-0797. Epub 2018 May 23.
The 2-bout exercise protocol has been developed to diagnose nonfunctional overreaching and the "overtraining syndrome." It consists of 2 maximal exercise bouts separated by 4 hours. Mental fatigue negatively influences performance, but the effects of its occurrence during the 2-bout exercise protocol have never been investigated. The aim of this study was to examine whether mental fatigue (induced during the rest period) influences physical and cognitive performance during/after the second exercise bout of the 2-bout exercise protocol.
Nine healthy, well-trained male cyclists participated in a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study. The intervention consisted of either 1.5-hour rest (control) or performing a computer-based Stroop task to induce mental fatigue. Cognitive (Eriksen Flanker task), physiological (lactate, maximum heart rate, and maximum wattage), and subjective data (mental fatigue-visual analog scale, Profile of Mood States, and rating of perceived exertion) were gathered.
Ratings of fatigue, tension, and mental fatigue were affected in the mental fatigue condition (P < .05). Neither physiological nor cognitive differences were found between conditions. Ratings of mental fatigue were already affected after the first maximum exercise test (P < .05).
Neither physical nor cognitive performance was affected by mental fatigue, but subjective ratings did reveal significant differences. It is recommended to exclude mentally challenging tasks during the 2-bout exercise protocol rest period to ascertain unaffected subjective test results. This study should be repeated in athletes diagnosed with nonfunctional overreaching/overtraining syndrome.
两回合运动方案已被开发出来以诊断非功能性过度训练和“过度训练综合征”。它由两个 4 小时间隔的最大运动回合组成。精神疲劳会对表现产生负面影响，但它在两回合运动方案期间发生的影响从未被研究过。本研究的目的是检验在两回合运动方案的第二个运动回合期间/之后，精神疲劳（在休息期间引起）是否会影响身体和认知表现。
9 名健康、训练有素的男性自行车运动员参加了一项单盲、随机、安慰剂对照交叉研究。干预措施包括 1.5 小时的休息（对照）或进行基于计算机的斯特鲁普任务以引起精神疲劳。收集了认知（Eriksen Flanker 任务）、生理（乳酸、最大心率和最大瓦特）和主观数据（精神疲劳-视觉模拟量表、心境状态问卷和感知用力评分）。
在精神疲劳条件下，疲劳、紧张和精神疲劳的评分受到影响（P < .05）。在两种条件下都没有发现生理或认知差异。在第一次最大运动测试后，精神疲劳的评分已经受到影响（P < .05）。
精神疲劳既没有影响身体表现，也没有影响认知表现，但主观评分确实显示出显著差异。建议在两回合运动方案的休息期间排除具有挑战性的精神任务，以确保不受影响的主观测试结果。这项研究应该在被诊断为非功能性过度训练/过度训练综合征的运动员中重复进行。
