Department of Community Mental Health, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, Haifa University, Haifa, Israel.
School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), Herzliya, Israel.
Psychiatry Res. 2018 Mar;261:35-39. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.12.042. Epub 2017 Dec 18.
The available literature on the risk of suicides related to the Holocaust (1939-1945) and its aftermath differs in its time periods, in the countries investigated, and in the robustness of its sources. Reliable information seems to indicate that the risk of suicide for Jews in Nazi Germany and Austria during the pre-war period (1933-1939) was elevated, while information on suicide during the internment in the concentration camps is fraught with problems. The latter derives from the Nazis' decision to hide the statistics on the inmates' causes of death, and from the prevailing life conditions that impeded separation between self-inflicted death and murder. Reliable studies conducted in Israel among refugees who entered pre-state Israel, 1939-1945, and post-World War II survivors reaching Israel (1948 on), show a mixed picture: suicide rates among the former were higher than comparison groups, while the latter group shows evidence of resilience.
关于与大屠杀（1939-1945 年）及其后果相关的自杀风险的现有文献，在其时间跨度、研究国家和来源的可靠性方面存在差异。可靠的信息似乎表明，在纳粹德国和奥地利的犹太人在战前时期（1933-1939 年）的自杀风险升高，而关于集中营中监禁期间自杀的信息则存在诸多问题。这些问题源于纳粹决定隐瞒囚犯死因的统计数据，以及当时普遍存在的生活条件，这些条件阻碍了自杀和谋杀之间的区分。在以色列，对 1939-1945 年进入以色列国之前的难民和第二次世界大战后抵达以色列（1948 年以后）的幸存者进行了可靠的研究，结果显示出混合的情况：前者的自杀率高于对照组，而后者则表现出具有韧性。
