a ARCADIA Mental Health Research Group, Professorial Unit, The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry , University of Melbourne , 2 Salisbury St, Melbourne 3121 , Australia.
b NICM, School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University , Australia.
Nutr Neurosci. 2019 Jul;22(7):513-521. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2017.1415281. Epub 2017 Dec 27.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a neurotrophic factor implicated in the pathogenesis of depression, may be influenced by dietary quality. Both dietary quality and serum BDNF have been researched independently in regard to their effect on depression; however, there is limited research investigating the relationship between the two factors and how they interact in depression. Additionally, a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (Val66Met) in the BDNF gene, which has been implicated in BDNF levels and depression, may contribute to the complex relationship between depression, dietary quality, and BDNF level.
One hundred and eighty-seven participants with major depressive disorder and 55 non-depressed healthy controls were recruited for this case-control analysis. The relationship between dietary quality and depression was assessed via a novel dietary quality score (the Australian Dietary Quality Score). Serum BDNF levels were measured and the Val66Met SNP was genotyped.
Healthy controls had a significantly higher diet quality than depressed participants (t = 2.435, P = 0.016). A logistic regression model investigating age, sex, serum BDNF levels, dietary quality and depression, as well as any interactions, found that lower dietary quality, and surprisingly, higher BDNF levels, were associated with increased depression risk, P = 0.037 and P < 0.001, respectively. Neither seasonality (at the time of recruitment) nor the Val66Met polymorphism was associated with BDNF levels in this sample. Furthermore, there was no evidence of interaction between the Val66Met polymorphism, BDNF levels, dietary quality, and depression.
Higher dietary quality was associated with both decreased depression incidence and severity in this cross-sectional analysis. The Val66Met polymorphism did not appear to predict BDNF levels, depression incidence, or modify the relationship between dietary quality and BDNF. Further studies utilizing a larger sample size are needed to confirm this finding.
脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）是一种与抑郁症发病机制有关的神经营养因子，其可能受到饮食质量的影响。饮食质量和血清 BDNF 均已被独立研究，以了解它们对抑郁症的影响；然而，关于这两个因素之间的关系以及它们在抑郁症中的相互作用的研究有限。此外，BDNF 基因中的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）（Val66Met）已被证实与 BDNF 水平和抑郁症有关，这可能导致抑郁症、饮食质量和 BDNF 水平之间的复杂关系。
本病例对照分析共招募了 187 名患有重度抑郁症的患者和 55 名非抑郁的健康对照者。通过一种新的饮食质量评分（澳大利亚饮食质量评分）来评估饮食质量与抑郁症之间的关系。测量了血清 BDNF 水平并对 Val66Met SNP 进行了基因分型。
健康对照组的饮食质量明显高于抑郁组（t=2.435，P=0.016）。一个调查年龄、性别、血清 BDNF 水平、饮食质量和抑郁症以及任何相互作用的逻辑回归模型发现，较低的饮食质量和令人惊讶的是，较高的 BDNF 水平与增加的抑郁风险相关，P=0.037 和 P<0.001。在本样本中，季节性（招募时）和 Val66Met 多态性与 BDNF 水平均无关。此外，Val66Met 多态性、BDNF 水平、饮食质量和抑郁症之间没有相互作用的证据。
在这项横断面分析中，较高的饮食质量与抑郁发生率和严重程度的降低均相关。Val66Met 多态性似乎不能预测 BDNF 水平、抑郁发生率，也不能改变饮食质量和 BDNF 之间的关系。需要更大样本量的进一步研究来证实这一发现。
