宫城县年轻运动员与运动相关牙齿损伤的相关因素：一项横断面研究
Factors associated with sports-related dental injuries among young athletes: a cross-sectional study in Miyagi prefecture.
作者信息
Tsuchiya Shinobu, Tsuchiya Masahiro, Momma Haruki, Sekiguchi Takuya, Kuroki Kaoru, Kanazawa Kenji, Koseki Takeyoshi, Igarashi Kaoru, Nagatomi Ryoichi, Hagiwara Yoshihiro
机构信息
Division of Oral Dysfunction Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.
Department of Nursing, Tohoku Fukushi University, Sendai, 981-8522, Japan.
出版信息
BMC Oral Health. 2017 Dec 29;17(1):168. doi: 10.1186/s12903-017-0466-2.
BACKGROUND
Sports-related dental injuries, such as tooth fracture, loosening, and avulsion, are a major concern among young athletes because they directly impair oral function. Although the preventive efficacy of mouthguards has been well established, the prevalence of sports-related dental injuries remains high among young athletes. The aim of this study is to identify the variables contributing to the risk of sports-related dental injuries by conducting a survey on large population of young athletes in Miyagi prefecture.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted with school-aged athletes (aged 6-15 years, n = 5735) using a self-reported questionnaire. The questionnaire examined general variables, including sex, age, and body mass index; sports-related variables, including sports-type, team level, activity schedule, break time, and verbal/physical abuse by coaches; and lifestyle variables related to free time, including screen-time and sleep duration. Their associations with sports-related dental injuries were examined using multivariate logistic regression models.
RESULTS
The prevalence of sports-related dental injuries was 13.3% (763 of 5735 young athletes) and was higher in males (14.3%, 592 of 4132) than in females (10.7%, 171 of 1603; adjusted odds ratios [ORs] and 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 1.48 [1.22-1.79], p < 0.001). After stratification according to sex, significant associations with the prevalence of sports-related dental injuries were evident for three variables-insufficient break time, verbal abuse, and physical punishment-in males (adjusted ORs [95% CI]: 1.35 [1.03-1.77], p = 0.032; 1.31 [1.05-1.62], p = 0.015; and 1.36 [1.06-1.75], p = 0.016, respectively) but not in females (adjusted ORs [95% CI]: 0.88 [0.53-1.47], p = 0.623; 1.29 [0.87-1.91], p = 0.206; and 0.97 [0.57-1.63], p = 0.894, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
Although our results might be based on the individual athlete's self-perception to the sports-related variables, our results suggest that insufficient break time, verbal abuse, and physical punishment from coaches are positively associated with the prevalence of sports-related dental injuries in young male athletes.
背景
与运动相关的牙齿损伤，如牙齿折断、松动和脱落，是年轻运动员主要关注的问题，因为它们直接损害口腔功能。尽管护齿器的预防效果已得到充分证实，但年轻运动员中与运动相关的牙齿损伤患病率仍然很高。本研究的目的是通过对宫城县大量年轻运动员进行调查，确定导致与运动相关牙齿损伤风险的变量。
方法
采用自我报告问卷对学龄运动员（6 - 15岁，n = 5735）进行横断面研究。问卷调查了一般变量，包括性别、年龄和体重指数；与运动相关的变量，包括运动类型、团队水平、活动安排、休息时间以及教练的言语/身体虐待；以及与自由时间相关的生活方式变量，包括屏幕使用时间和睡眠时间。使用多因素逻辑回归模型检验它们与运动相关牙齿损伤的关联。
结果
与运动相关的牙齿损伤患病率为13.3%（5735名年轻运动员中的763名），男性（14.3%，4132名中的592名）高于女性（10.7%，1603名中的171名；调整后的比值比[ORs]和95%置信区间[CIs]：1.48[1.22 - 1.79]，p < 0.001）。按性别分层后，男性中休息时间不足、言语虐待和体罚这三个变量与运动相关牙齿损伤患病率存在显著关联（调整后的ORs[95%CI]：1.35[1.03 - 1.77]，p = 0.032；1.31[1.05 - 1.62]，p = 0.015；1.36[1.06 - 1.75]，p = 0.016），而女性中则无显著关联（调整后的ORs[95%CI]：0.88[0.53 - 1.47]，p = 0.623；1.29[0.87 - 1.91]，p = 0.206；0.97[0.57 - 1.63]，p = 0.894）。
结论
尽管我们的结果可能基于个体运动员对与运动相关变量的自我认知，但我们的结果表明，休息时间不足、言语虐待和教练的体罚与年轻男性运动员中与运动相关的牙齿损伤患病率呈正相关。
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