McCrae R R, Costa P T, Dahlstrom W G, Barefoot J C, Siegler I C, Williams R B
Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224.
Psychosom Med. 1989 Jan-Feb;51(1):58-65. doi: 10.1097/00006842-198901000-00006.
The MMPI K scale is widely used to screen for invalid responses and to adjust substantive scale scores for defensiveness. In a normal volunteer sample, correlations of MMPI clinical scales and the Cook-Medley Hostility (HO) scale with self-reports and peer ratings on the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI) were decreased rather than increased by K-correction. Similarly, in a medical sample, structured interview-based ratings of Potential for Hostility were better predicted by uncorrected HO scores than by K-corrected HO scores. Finally, in a prospective study of mortality among lawyers, uncorrected HO scores were a significant predictor of all-cause mortality; K-corrected scores were not. The data suggest that, under some circumstances, the K scale may measure substantive traits rather than defensiveness, and should be used and interpreted with caution. Its use is probably contraindicated for most research on psychiatrically normal subjects.
明尼苏达多相人格问卷（MMPI）的K量表被广泛用于筛查无效回答，并针对防御性对实质量表分数进行调整。在一个正常志愿者样本中，MMPI临床量表以及库克-梅德利敌意（HO）量表与基于大五人格量表（NEO-PI）的自我报告和同伴评定之间的相关性，经K校正后是降低而非升高。同样，在一个医学样本中，基于结构化访谈的敌意可能性评定，未校正的HO分数比经K校正的HO分数能更好地进行预测。最后，在一项针对律师死亡率的前瞻性研究中，未校正的HO分数是全因死亡率的显著预测指标；经K校正的分数则不是。数据表明，在某些情况下，K量表可能测量的是实质特质而非防御性，使用时应谨慎并加以解释。对于大多数针对精神正常受试者的研究，可能不宜使用该量表。
