Govindasamy Rohini, Dhanasekaran Manikandan, Varghese Sheeja S, Balaji V R, Karthikeyan B, Christopher Ananthi
Department of Periodontics, CSI College of Dental Sciences and Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Periodontics, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2017 Nov;9(Suppl 1):S50-S54. doi: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_88_17.
It is inconclusive that periodontitis is an independent risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study aims to investigate the association between maternal periodontitis and preterm and/or low birth weight babies.
This was a prospective cross-sectional study. After prior informed consent, 3500 postpartum mothers were selected from various hospitals in Tamil Nadu and categorized into the following groups: group-1 - Normal term normal birth weight ( = 1100); Group-2 - Preterm normal birth weight ( = 400); Group-3 - preterm low birth weight (PTLBW) ( = 1000); and Group-4 - Normal term low birth weight ( = 1000). Periodontal examination was done, and risk factors were ascertained by means of questionnaire and medical records.
Comparison between case groups and control groups were done, odds ratio (OR) was calculated, and statistical significance were assessed by Chi-square tests. To control for the possible confounders, all variables with < 0.05 were selected and entered into multivariate regression model, and OR and 95% confidence limits were again estimated. SPSS-15 software was used.
Periodontitis was diagnosed in 54.8%, 52.3%, 53.8%, 59.4%, respectively. On comparison between the groups, none of periodontal parameters showed significant association except for the crude association observed in Group-4 for mild periodontitis (OR - 1.561; = 0.000) and PTLBW.
Periodontitis is not a significant independent risk factor, and obstetric factors contribute a major risk for preterm and/or low birth weight babies.
牙周炎是否为不良妊娠结局的独立危险因素尚无定论。本研究旨在调查孕产妇牙周炎与早产和/或低体重儿之间的关联。
这是一项前瞻性横断面研究。在获得事先知情同意后，从泰米尔纳德邦的多家医院选取了3500名产后母亲，并将其分为以下几组：第1组——足月正常出生体重（=1100）；第2组——早产正常出生体重（=400）；第3组——早产低体重（PTLBW）（=1000）；第4组——足月低体重（=1000）。进行了牙周检查，并通过问卷和病历确定了危险因素。
对病例组和对照组进行比较，计算比值比（OR），并通过卡方检验评估统计学意义。为控制可能的混杂因素，选择所有P<0.05的变量并纳入多变量回归模型，再次估计OR和95%置信区间。使用SPSS-15软件。
牙周炎的诊断率分别为54.8%、52.3%、53.8%、59.4%。在组间比较中，除第4组中观察到的轻度牙周炎（OR-1.561；P=0.000）与早产低体重之间的粗略关联外，牙周参数均未显示出显著关联。
牙周炎不是一个重要的独立危险因素，产科因素是早产和/或低体重儿的主要风险因素。
