Balan I, Calcaterra R, Lauritano D, Grecchi E, Carinci F
Private practice in Israel.
Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Oral Implantol (Rome). 2017 Nov 30;10(3):262-269. doi: 10.11138/orl/2017.10.3.262. eCollection 2017 Jul-Sep.
Spiral dental implant (SDI) is an implant with a conical internal helix that confers the characteristic of self-drilling, self-tapping, and self-bone condensing. These proprieties offer better control during insertion of SDI giving a high primary stabilization, even in poor quality bone. A shorter diameter of SDI results in reduced drilling during insertion and consequently less trauma and minimal bone loss. To address the research purpose, the investigators designed a retrospective cohort study. The study population was composed of 25 patients, 11 males and 14 females that have been treated by Dr. Balan with 187 SDI positioned in mandible and into maxilla bone. The implants were placed during the years 2013 to 2014 in Dr. Balan clinic. All patients underwent the same surgical protocol. Several variables are investigated: demographic (age and gender), anatomic (upper/lower jaws and tooth site), implant (length and diameter and type) variables, edentulism (partial or total), and comorbid status of health (i.e.: hypothyroidism, parodontitis, hypertension, diabetes, presence of cancer, heart disease, hepatitis and rheumatologic disease). Pearson Chi-Square test was used to investigate variables and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Statistically it has been shown that females have a higher possibility of unsuccessful respect of male, with a "p value" of 0.014. Another important impact factor for success of implant insertion has been represented by concomitants pathologies: cancer represents the most negative high factor risk with a percentage of unsuccessful of 50%, followed by heart disease (15%), and diabetes (3.7%). SDIs are reliable tools for difficult cases of oral rehabilitation. They have a higher success and survival rate, which means stable results over time. No differences were detected among SDI lengths, implant/crown ratio. In addition, the insertion of SDIs in banked bone can be performed without adverse effects. Finally, flapless and computer tomography-planned surgery does not significantly increase the clinical outcome of SDIs in complex rehabilitation. Cancer represents the most important variable to consider when a patient wants to do oral rehabilitation because of its high risk of unsuccessful.
螺旋牙科种植体（SDI）是一种带有锥形内部螺旋结构的种植体，具有自钻、自攻和自骨凝聚的特性。这些特性在SDI植入过程中提供了更好的控制，即使在骨质较差的情况下也能实现高度的初始稳定性。SDI直径较小，植入时钻孔减少，因此创伤更小，骨量流失最少。为了实现研究目的，研究人员设计了一项回顾性队列研究。研究对象包括25名患者，其中11名男性和14名女性，均由巴兰医生使用187颗SDI植入下颌骨和上颌骨进行治疗。这些种植体于2013年至2014年在巴兰医生的诊所植入。所有患者均接受相同的手术方案。研究了几个变量：人口统计学变量（年龄和性别）、解剖学变量（上颌/下颌和牙齿部位）、种植体变量（长度、直径和类型）、无牙情况（部分或全部）以及健康合并症状况（即：甲状腺功能减退、牙周炎、高血压、糖尿病、癌症、心脏病、肝炎和风湿性疾病）。采用Pearson卡方检验来研究变量，p < 0.05被认为具有统计学意义。统计结果表明，女性种植失败的可能性高于男性，“p值”为0.014。种植体植入成功的另一个重要影响因素是合并症：癌症是最不利的高风险因素，种植失败率为50%，其次是心脏病（15%）和糖尿病（3.7%）。SDI是口腔修复困难病例的可靠工具。它们具有较高的成功率和生存率，这意味着长期效果稳定。在SDI长度、种植体/牙冠比例方面未检测到差异。此外，在保存骨中植入SDI不会产生不良影响。最后，无瓣和计算机断层扫描规划的手术在复杂修复中并不会显著提高SDI的临床效果。当患者因癌症种植失败风险高而希望进行口腔修复时，癌症是需要考虑的最重要变量。
