Meikle William G, Weiss Milagra
Carl Hayden Bee Research Center;
Carl Hayden Bee Research Center.
J Vis Exp. 2017 Nov 15(129):56355. doi: 10.3791/56355.
The effects of sublethal pesticide exposure to honey bee colonies may be significant but difficult to detect in the field using standard visual assessment methods. Here we describe methods to measure the quantities of adult bees, brood, and food resources by weighing hives and hive parts, by photographing frames, and by installing hives on scales and with internal sensors. Data from these periodic evaluations are then combined with running average and daily detrended data on hive weight and internal hive temperature. The resulting datasets have been used to detect colony-level effects of imidacloprid applied in a sugar syrup as low as 5 parts per billion. The methods are objective, require little training, and provide permanent records in the form of sensor output and photographs.
亚致死剂量的农药暴露对蜂群的影响可能很大，但使用标准的视觉评估方法在野外很难检测到。在这里，我们描述了通过称量蜂箱和蜂箱部件、拍摄巢脾以及将蜂箱安装在秤上并配备内部传感器来测量成年蜜蜂、幼虫和食物资源数量的方法。然后，将这些定期评估的数据与蜂箱重量和蜂箱内部温度的移动平均值和每日去趋势数据相结合。所得数据集已用于检测以低至十亿分之五的浓度施用于糖浆中的吡虫啉对蜂群水平的影响。这些方法客观，几乎不需要培训，并以传感器输出和照片的形式提供永久记录。
