Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany; Depression Research Center, German Depression Foundation, Leipzig, Germany.
Psychiatry Res. 2018 Mar;261:102-108. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.12.043. Epub 2017 Dec 18.
The main aim of the current study was to test the hypothesis that adult patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have less stable brain arousal regulation than healthy controls. We objectively assessed brain arousal regulation using the Vigilance Algorithm Leipzig (VIGALL 2.1) to analyze 15-min resting EEG data of thirty-three ADHD patients and thirty-five matched controls. Based on automatically classified 1-s segments we computed mean EEG-vigilance (indexing arousal level) and arousal stability score (indexing arousal regulation). Adult ADHD patients showed significantly lower arousal levels and significantly less stable brain arousal regulation than controls. Multiple regression analysis indicated that arousal regulation (i.e., arousal stability score) predicted the retrospectively-assessed severity of childhood ADHD symptoms, supporting the trait aspect of brain arousal regulation. Our findings support the arousal regulation model of ADHD, which interprets hyperactivity and sensation seeking as an autoregulatory reaction to an unstable regulation of brain arousal. EEG-based arousal parameters may be candidate biomarkers for adult ADHD.
本研究的主要目的是验证以下假设，即患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的成年患者的大脑唤醒调节能力不如健康对照组稳定。我们使用莱比锡警觉算法（VIGALL 2.1）客观评估了大脑唤醒调节能力，分析了 33 名 ADHD 患者和 35 名匹配对照者的 15 分钟静息 EEG 数据。根据自动分类的 1 秒片段，我们计算了平均 EEG 警觉性（反映唤醒水平）和唤醒稳定性评分（反映唤醒调节）。与对照组相比，成年 ADHD 患者的唤醒水平显著降低，大脑唤醒调节也明显更不稳定。多元回归分析表明，唤醒调节（即唤醒稳定性评分）可以预测儿童期 ADHD 症状的严重程度，这支持了大脑唤醒调节的特质方面。我们的研究结果支持了 ADHD 的唤醒调节模型，该模型将多动和寻求刺激解释为对大脑唤醒调节不稳定的自动调节反应。基于 EEG 的唤醒参数可能是成人 ADHD 的候选生物标志物。
